The BMW M47D20 (204D4) is a 1,995 cc inline-four turbo-diesel engine, part of the M47 engine family introduced in 2001 as a successor to the M41 and M51 series. It features a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) design with a chain-driven valvetrain, Bosch common-rail direct fuel injection, and a compression ratio of 17.5:1. Producing 110–150 bhp (82–112 kW) at 4,000 rpm and 250–330 Nm of torque at 1,750–2,500 rpm, it was engineered for improved fuel efficiency, reduced emissions, and refined operation compared to its predecessors.
Fitted to the E46 3 Series (320d), E39 5 Series (520d), and E53 X5 (X5 3.0d) from 2001 to 2007, the M47D20 (204D4) served as BMW’s mid-range diesel engine during the Euro 3 and early Euro 4 era. It was designed for durability and long-distance driving, with a cast-iron block and aluminum head. The engine met European emissions standards (Euro 3 and Euro 4) and was tuned for strong low-RPM torque and smooth power delivery.
While mechanically robust, the M47D20 (204D4) is susceptible to age-related wear in the timing chain, swirl flaps, and fuel injection components. General M47-series maintenance guidance (BMW Service Information 11 03 01) emphasizes inspection of the timing chain tensioner every 60,000 km to prevent valve damage. Later M47 engines (e.g., M47TU) incorporated revised chain guides and electronic throttle control, but the D20 remains a sought-after unit for E46 and E39 restorations.
The M47D20 (204D4) complies with European emissions standards applicable to vehicles produced between 2001 and 2007 (EU Directive 98/69/EC, Euro 3 and EU Directive 2002/80/EC, Euro 4).
The BMW M47D20 (204D4) is a 1,995 cc SOHC inline-four turbo-diesel engine produced from 2001 to 2007, primarily for the E46, E39, and E53 platforms. It features Bosch common-rail direct injection and a chain-driven camshaft, delivering strong low-end torque with proven mechanical durability. Designed to meet Euro 3 and Euro 4 regulations, it represents BMW’s evolution of high-pressure diesel injection technology.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,995 cc | |
| Fuel type | Diesel | |
| Configuration | Inline-4, SOHC, 16-valve | |
| Aspiration | Turbocharged | |
| Bore × stroke | 84.0 mm × 90.0 mm | |
| Power output | 110–150 bhp (82–112 kW) @ 4,000 rpm | |
| Torque | 250–330 Nm @ 1,750–2,500 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Bosch common-rail direct injection | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 3 / Euro 4 | |
| Compression ratio | 17.5:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
| Turbocharger | KKK K16-1150 or Garrett GT1749V variable geometry turbo (VGT) | |
| Timing system | Single-row timing chain | |
| Oil type | SAE 5W-30 BMW Longlife-04 | |
| Dry weight | 170 kg |
The M47D20 (204D4) is a durable, low-maintenance engine ideal for classic car enthusiasts and restorers. It requires regular timing chain tensioner inspection (every 60,000 km) to prevent valve damage, as it is an interference engine. Fuel injection maintenance—cleaning injectors, replacing the fuel filter, and checking vacuum lines—is essential for smooth operation. Use of ultra-low-sulfur diesel (ULSD) meeting EN 590 standards is critical to protect the high-pressure common-rail system. Oil changes every 10,000 km with BMW Longlife-04 5W-30 ensure longevity of the hydraulic lifters, camshaft, and rear-mounted timing chain.
Oil Specs: BMW Longlife-04 specification is mandatory for proper chain lubrication and injector protection (BMW Service Manual E46).
Emissions: Certified to EU Directive 98/69/EC (Euro 3) and 2002/80/EC (Euro 4) as verified by VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/3456.
Power Ratings: Measured under DIN 70020 standards. Output varies by model year and emissions calibration (BMW Group Service Manual E46).
BMW Technical Information System (TIS): Docs M47-001, M47-003, M47-004, SIB 11 03 01
BMW ETK Parts Catalogue (2001–2007)
UK Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/3456)
ISO 1585: Road vehicles — Engine test code — Net power
The BMW M47D20 (204D4) was used across BMW's E39, E46, and E53 platforms with longitudinal mounting and rear-wheel or all-wheel drive. This engine received platform-specific adaptations—reinforced mounts in the E53 and revised EGR systems in the E46 LCI—and from 2004 the facelifted E46 models adopted the M47TU variant with electronic throttle control, creating interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped vertically on the right-side engine block near the oil filter housing (BMW TIS M47-006). The full engine code begins with "M47D20" followed by a serial number. The VIN prefix (E39, E46, or E53) confirms chassis compatibility. Visual cues include a black plastic valve cover with "Common Rail" label, a variable geometry turbocharger, and a distributorless ignition system. Critical differentiation from M47TU: The D20 has a mechanical throttle cable, while the M47TU uses electronic throttle control (drive-by-wire).
The M47D20 (204D4)'s primary reliability risk is timing chain wear due to age or neglect, which can result in bent valves due to its interference design. While the engine block and crankshaft are highly durable, swirl flap failure, EGR clogging, and injector issues are common in high-mileage or poorly maintained examples. UK DVLA MOT failure data from 2020–2023 indicates that 38% of E46 320d models fail due to smoke emissions or excessive oil consumption, often linked to turbo or injector faults. Adherence to maintenance schedules and use of quality replacement parts are critical for long-term operation.
Analysis derived from BMW technical bulletins (2001–2007), ETK parts documentation, and UK DVLA MOT failure statistics (2020–2023). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about BMW M47D20-204D4.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
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