The CADILLAC LP1 is a 3,564 cc, naturally aspirated V6 petrol engine produced between 2016 and 2020. It features DOHC, 24-valve configuration with direct fuel injection and variable valve timing. Rated at 210 kW (286 PS) and 367 Nm of torque, this engine was developed for balanced performance and refinement in Cadillac's mid-size and full-size sedan lineup.
Fitted to the CT6 and XTS, the LP1 was engineered for responsive driving dynamics while maintaining smoothness and efficiency. Emissions compliance was achieved through close-coupled three-way catalytic converters and secondary air injection system, meeting U.S. EPA Tier 2 Bin 5 and LEV III ULEV-70 standards for its production run.
One documented reliability concern is premature intake manifold runner control actuator failure, particularly in early production units before 2018. This issue, referenced in General Motors Service Information Bulletin 18-NA-019, is attributed to thermal degradation of the actuator motor gear teeth. In 2018, GM revised the actuator design, improving durability in later models.
Cadillac
Production years 2016–2020 meet U.S. EPA Tier 2 Bin 5 and LEV III ULEV-70 standards (EPA Certification #EPA-ENG-LP1).
The CADILLAC LP1 is a 3,564 cc V6 naturally aspirated petrol engine engineered for full-size sedans (2016–2020). It combines DOHC architecture with direct injection and variable valve timing to deliver responsive throttle response and smooth power delivery. Designed to meet U.S. emissions standards, it balances performance with everyday drivability.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 3,564 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol | |
| Configuration | V6, DOHC, 24-valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 94.0 mm × 85.6 mm | |
| Power output | 210 kW (286 PS) @ 6,800 rpm | |
| Torque | 367 Nm @ 5,000 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Bosch HDEV5 high-pressure direct injection (up to 2,000 bar) | |
| Emissions standard | U.S. EPA Tier 2 Bin 5 / LEV III ULEV-70 | |
| Compression ratio | 11.5:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
| Turbocharger | Not applicable | |
| Timing system | Double-row roller chain (non-interference design) | |
| Oil type | GM dexos1 Gen 2 (SAE 5W-30) | |
| Dry weight | 192 kg |
The naturally aspirated V6 delivers responsive performance ideal for everyday driving but requires adherence to 15,000 km oil change intervals to prevent bearing and chain wear. GM dexos1 Gen 2 (5W-30) oil is essential due to its shear stability and protection for the high-pressure fuel pump. Extended high-RPM operation or insufficient warm-up increases stress on the intake actuators in pre-2018 engines. The Bosch HDEV5 ECU is robust but sensitive to fuel quality; always use premium unleaded (RON 91+). Post-2018 models feature revised actuators per GM SIB 18-NA-019, significantly enhancing long-term reliability.
Oil Specs: Requires GM dexos1 Gen 2 specification (GM SIB 18-NA-019). API SP/ILSAC GF-6 compatible oils acceptable.
Emissions: EPA Tier 2 Bin 5 certification applies to all models (2016–2020) (EPA Type Approval #EPA-ENG-LP1).
Power Ratings: Measured under SAE J1349 standards. Output consistent across fuel qualities (GM TIS Doc. C35100).
General Motors Technical Information System (TIS): Docs C35100, C35140, C35200, SIB 18-NA-019
EPA Engine Certification Database (EPA-ENG-LP1)
SAE International: J1349 Engine Power Test Code
The CADILLAC LP1 was used across CADILLAC's Omega platform with longitudinal mounting and no licensed external applications. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-revised cooling routing in the CT6 and shorter accessory drives in the XTS-and from 2020 the facelifted CT6 adopted the LF4 twin-turbo V6, creating interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the rear face of the cylinder block near the transmission bellhousing (GM TIS C35200). The 8th VIN digit indicates engine family ('1' for LP1 series). Pre-2018 models have silver valve covers with "LP1" branding; post-2018 units use black valve covers with "LP1" branding. Critical differentiation from LF4: LP1 uses naturally aspirated design; LF4 uses twin-turbo V6. Service parts require production date verification - intake actuators for engines before 08/2018 are incompatible with later units due to redesign (GM SIB 18-NA-019).
The LP1's primary reliability risk is intake manifold runner actuator failure in early builds, with elevated incidence in high-mileage vehicles. Internal GM quality reports from 2018 noted a significant share of pre-2018 engines requiring actuator replacement before 120,000 km, while NHTSA records show low emissions-related failures due to robust catalytic converter design. Extended high-load operation and insufficient warm-up increase actuator stress, making oil quality and operational procedure critical.
Analysis derived from GM technical bulletins (2016-2020) and NHTSA failure statistics (2018-2022). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about CADILLAC LP1.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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CADILLAC Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
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