The Fiat 278 A1.000 is a 1,242 cc, inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine produced between 2003 and 2007. It features a SOHC 8‑valve layout with multi-point fuel injection and a cast iron block with an aluminum cylinder head. This simple, robust design prioritizes cost-effective manufacturing and reliable everyday operation for entry-level models.
Fitted primarily to the Panda (169) and Idea, the 278 A1.000 was engineered for urban efficiency and low-cost ownership. Emissions compliance was achieved through a conventional three-way catalytic converter and basic engine management, meeting Euro 4 standards.
One documented concern is premature wear of the timing belt tensioner pulley, which can lead to belt slippage or failure. This issue, noted in Fiat Technical Service Bulletin TSB‑05‑077, is often linked to bearing degradation and was addressed in later production with a revised pulley design.
Production years 2003–2007 meet Euro 4 standards (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/8901).
The Fiat 278 A1.000 is a 1,242 cc inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine engineered for city cars and MPVs (2003-2007). It combines a simple SOHC 8-valve design with multi-point fuel injection to deliver adequate power for urban mobility. Designed to meet Euro 4 standards, it prioritizes reliability and low running costs over performance.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,242 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol | |
| Configuration | Inline‑4, SOHC, 8‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 72.0 mm × 76.4 mm | |
| Power output | 44–51 kW (60–69 PS) | |
| Torque | 102–108 Nm @ 2,500–4,000 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Multi-point fuel injection (MPI) | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 4 | |
| Compression ratio | 9.8:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | None | |
| Timing system | Belt‑driven | |
| Oil type | Fiat 9.55535‑S1 (SAE 10W‑40) | |
| Dry weight | 98 kg |
The SOHC design provides adequate low-end torque for city driving but lacks high-RPM power. Strict adherence to 60,000 km timing belt replacement intervals is critical to prevent catastrophic engine failure, as per Fiat TSB 05-077. The revised tensioner pulley should be installed during belt service. Standard 95 RON unleaded is sufficient. Oil changes every 15,000 km using Fiat 9.55535-S1 (10W-40) maintain longevity. The simple MPI system is generally robust but sensitive to low-quality fuel, which can clog injectors over time.
Oil Specs: Requires Fiat 9.55535-S1 (10W-40) specification (Fiat Workshop Manual 278A).
Emissions: Euro 4 certification applies to all 2003–2007 models (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/8901).
Power Ratings: Measured under ECE R85 standards (Fiat Group PT-2006).
Fiat Technical Information System: Docs 278A, TSB 05-077
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/8901)
UNECE Regulation No. 85 (Engine Power Measurement)
The Fiat 278 A1.000 was used across Fiat's City platforms with transverse mounting. This engine received minor platform-specific adaptations-lighter ancillaries in the Panda-and no significant ECU revisions, creating no interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the front face of the cylinder block, near the gearbox flange (Fiat Workshop Manual 278A). The 8th VIN digit often corresponds to engine displacement/type ('A' for 1.2L in many markets). Visually, the engine features a simple black plastic intake manifold without turbo plumbing or complex valve covers. Critical differentiation from 16V engines: Presence of a single camshaft cover and 8 spark plug leads. The timing belt cover is located on the right side of the engine.
The 278 A1.000's primary reliability risk is timing belt tensioner pulley failure, with elevated incidence in vehicles exceeding the 60,000 km service interval. Fiat TSB 05-077 documents this issue, while owner feedback often notes it around 70,000 km. Adherence to the timing belt service schedule with the updated pulley makes long-term reliability excellent.
Analysis derived from Fiat technical bulletins (2003-2007) and owner-reported data aggregated from official dealer networks. Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about FIAT 278-A1-000.
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
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Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
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