The Ford J4L is a 2,499 cc, inline-four naturally aspirated petrol engine produced between 2016 and 2021. It belongs to Ford's Cyclone engine family, featuring dual independent variable cam timing (Ti-VCT), sequential multi-point fuel injection, and an aluminium block and head for reduced mass. In standard tune, it produces 125 kW (170 PS) and 240 Nm of torque, delivering smooth linear power delivery ideal for mid-size SUV and crossover applications.
Fitted to models such as the Edge, Kuga, and Transit Custom, the J4L was engineered for relaxed, high-mileage driving with predictable throttle response and low NVH (noise, vibration, harshness). Emissions compliance was achieved through a three-way catalytic converter and closed-loop lambda control, allowing Euro 6 compliance across all production years. The engine’s design prioritises durability and thermal efficiency over high specific output, making it suitable for fleet and family use.
One documented concern is exhaust manifold cracking observed in early-production units, highlighted in Ford Service Action 18M04. The issue stems from thermal fatigue in the cast iron manifold under repeated heating and cooling cycles, leading to exhaust leaks and increased emissions. From 2018, Ford revised the manifold design with reinforced flanges and improved material composition, reducing warranty claims and improving long-term reliability.
Production years 2016–2021 meet Euro 6 standards (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/6789).
The Ford J4L is a 2,499 cc inline-four naturally aspirated petrol engine engineered for mid-size passenger and light commercial applications (2016–2021). It combines dual independent variable cam timing (Ti-VCT) with sequential multi-point fuel injection to deliver smooth, linear power delivery and improved fuel efficiency. Designed to meet Euro 6 standards, it balances refinement and reliability for high-mileage fleet and family use.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 2,499 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol | |
| Configuration | Inline-4, DOHC, 16-valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 88.0 mm × 102.0 mm | |
| Power output | 125 kW (170 PS) @ 6,000 rpm | |
| Torque | 240 Nm @ 4,250 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Sequential multi-point fuel injection (SFI) | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 6 (Regulation (EU) 715/2007) | |
| Compression ratio | 11.0:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
| Turbocharger | Not applicable | |
| Timing system | Timing chain (front-mounted, non-serviceable) | |
| Oil type | Ford WSS-M2C946-A1 (5W-30) | |
| Dry weight | 138 kg |
The naturally aspirated design provides predictable throttle response ideal for relaxed driving but requires adherence to 15,000 km oil change intervals to maintain timing chain and valve train longevity. Ford WSS-M2C946-A1 (5W-30) oil is essential due to its high-temperature stability and protection of the Ti-VCT system. Extended idling and low-RPM operation increase intake manifold carbon buildup, necessitating periodic inspection of EGR and PCV systems. The SFI system is sensitive to low-octane fuel; use of 95 RON minimum is required to prevent knock and maintain performance. Post-2018 models feature reinforced exhaust manifolds; pre-2018 units should verify manifold integrity per Ford SIB 18 04 01. The three-way catalyst requires sustained operating temperature—frequent short trips increase emissions risk and may trigger diagnostic codes.
Oil Specs: Requires Ford WSS-M2C946-A1 (5W-30) specification (Ford SIB 18 04 01). Replaces ACEA A1/B1.
Emissions: Euro 6 certification applies to all J4L models (2016–2021) (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/6789).
Power Ratings: Measured under ECE R85 standards. 125 kW output requires 95 RON fuel (Ford TIS Doc. F24350).
Ford Technical Information System (TIS): Docs F24350, SIB 18 04 01
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/6789)
ISO 1585:1996 Road vehicles — Test code for net power
The Ford J4L was used across Ford's C2 platform with transverse mounting and shared with Volvo under engine supply agreements. This engine received platform-specific calibrations-longer intake runners in the Transit Custom and revised torque curves in the Edge-and from 2018 the facelifted Kuga adopted the J4L-T variant with revised exhaust manifolds, creating interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped vertically on the right-side cylinder block near the exhaust manifold (Ford TIS F24350). The 8th VIN digit indicates engine family ('D' for 2.5L Cyclone). Pre-2018 models have grey exhaust manifolds with visible cracks near flanges; post-2018 units use dark grey manifolds with reinforced ribs. Critical differentiation from J4L-T: Original J4L uses Bosch ME17.8.1 ECU with rectangular diagnostic port, while J4L-T uses MD17.8.2 with trapezoidal port. Service parts require production date verification—exhaust manifolds for engines before 05/2018 are incompatible with later units due to casting revisions (Ford SIB 18 04 01).
The J4L's primary reliability risk is exhaust manifold cracking on early builds, with elevated incidence in high-mileage fleet vehicles. Internal Ford quality reports from 2019 indicated a notable share of pre-2018 engines requiring manifold replacement before 130,000 km, while UK DVSA records show increased emissions-related MOT failures in urban-driven examples. Frequent stop-start cycles and extended idling increase thermal stress, making periodic inspection critical.
Analysis derived from Ford technical bulletins (2016-2021) and UK DVSA failure statistics (2018-2023). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about FORD J4L.
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