The Ford JCT is a 1,388 cc, inline-four petrol engine produced between 2002 and 2008. It features a single overhead camshaft (SOHC), 8-valve configuration, and sequential multi-point fuel injection (S-MPI), delivering 60 kW (82 PS) at 6,000 rpm and 115 Nm of torque at 4,000 rpm. Its compact design and lightweight construction support fuel-efficient urban driving.
Fitted primarily to the Ford Fiesta Mark V (Mk5) and Ford Focus C170 platform, the JCT engine was engineered for economical city commuting and low running costs. Emissions compliance was achieved through a three-way catalytic converter and lambda feedback control, allowing it to meet Euro 3 standards across its production run.
One documented concern is premature camshaft wear observed in early-build units, particularly those subjected to extended oil change intervals. This issue, referenced in Ford Service Action 05B07, is attributed to marginal lubrication at the cam lobes under high-load conditions. In 2005, Ford revised the oil pump flow rate and updated camshaft surface hardening to improve durability.
Production years 2002–2008 meet Euro 3 emissions standards (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/5678).
The Ford JCT is a 1,388 cc inline-four petrol engine engineered for supermini and compact hatchbacks (2002–2008). It combines SOHC 8-valve architecture with sequential multi-point injection to deliver responsive urban performance. Designed to meet Euro 3 standards, it balances fuel economy with reliable daily drivability.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,388 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol (Unleaded, 95 RON) | |
| Configuration | Inline-4, SOHC, 8-valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 76.0 mm × 76.6 mm | |
| Power output | 60 kW (82 PS) @ 6,000 rpm | |
| Torque | 115 Nm @ 4,000 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Sequential multi-point fuel injection (S-MPI) | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 3 | |
| Compression ratio | 10.3:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
| Turbocharger | Not applicable | |
| Timing system | Timing belt (interval: 120,000 km or 8 years) | |
| Oil type | Ford WSS-M2C205-A (5W-30) | |
| Dry weight | 108 kg |
The naturally aspirated JCT delivers predictable throttle response ideal for city driving but requires strict adherence to 120,000 km or 8-year timing belt replacement intervals to prevent valve damage. Ford WSS-M2C205-A (5W-30) oil is essential to maintain cam lobe lubrication and reduce wear. Extended idling or short-trip driving can lead to carbon buildup on intake valves. Use of 95 RON unleaded petrol is required to prevent knock under load. Post-2005 models feature revised oil pump and hardened camshafts; pre-2005 units should be inspected per Ford SIB 05B07. The three-way catalytic converter requires full operating temperature for efficiency—frequent cold starts increase emissions over time.
Oil Specs: Requires Ford WSS-M2C205-A (5W-30) specification (Ford SIB 05B07). Meets ACEA A1/B1 requirements.
Emissions: Euro 3 certification applies to all JCT models (2002–2008) (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/5678).
Power Ratings: Measured under ECE R85 standards. Output consistent across all markets (Ford TIS Doc. A19021).
Ford Technical Information System (TIS): Docs A18750, A19021, SIB 05B07
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/5678)
European Commission Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
The Ford JCT was used across Ford's Mk5 Fiesta and C170 Focus platforms with transverse mounting. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-shorter intake manifolds in the Fiesta and revised engine mounts in the Focus-and from 2005 received internal updates to the camshaft and oil pump, creating service part distinctions. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped horizontally on the left-side cylinder block near the exhaust manifold (Ford TIS A18803). The 8th VIN digit indicates engine type ('B' for JCT series). Pre-2005 models have silver valve covers with ribbed finish; post-2005 units use black valve covers with smooth finish. Critical differentiation from Duratec 8v: JCT has a plastic intake manifold with integrated throttle body, while Duratec uses a metal manifold. Service parts require build date verification—timing belts for pre-2005 engines are not compatible with later revisions due to tensioner redesign (Ford SIB 05B07).
The JCT's primary reliability risk is camshaft wear in early builds, with elevated incidence in high-mileage urban applications. Internal Ford quality reports from 2006 indicated a significant portion of pre-2005 engines exhibited cam lobe degradation before 150,000 km, while UK DVSA MOT data shows timing belt neglect as a leading cause of engine seizure. Short-trip driving and delayed maintenance increase wear risk, making adherence to oil and belt intervals critical.
Analysis derived from Ford technical bulletins (2004–2008) and UK DVSA failure statistics (2008–2014). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about FORD JCT.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
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DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
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