The Ford YLF6 is a 1,999 cc, inline‑four turbo‑petrol engine produced between 2019 and 2024. It features direct fuel injection, a single twin‑scroll turbocharger, and dual overhead camshafts (DOHC). In standard form it delivers 177 kW (240 PS) and 376 Nm of torque, with responsive mid‑range performance suited for performance‑oriented compact SUVs and sedans.
Fitted to models such as the Focus ST, Puma ST, and Kuga ST‑Line, the YLF6 was engineered to replace the older 2.3…
All production years (2019–2024) meet Euro 6d standards (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/8921).
The Ford YLF6 is a 1,999 cc inline‑four turbo‑petrol engineered for performance compact vehicles (2019–2024). It combines direct injection with a twin‑scroll turbocharger to deliver strong mid‑range torque and crisp throttle response. Designed to meet Euro 6d standards, it balances sporty drivability with stringent emissions control.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
Displacement | 1,999 cc | |
Fuel type | Petrol (Unleaded) | |
Configuration | Inline‑4, DOHC, 16‑valve | |
Aspiration | Turbocharged | |
Bore × stroke | 87.5 mm × 83.1 mm | |
Power output | 177 kW (240 PS) | |
Torque | 376 Nm @ 3,000–4,000 rpm | |
Fuel system | Bosch HDP6 high‑pressure direct injection (up to 350 bar) | |
Emissions standard | Euro 6d | |
Compression ratio | 9.5:1 | |
Cooling system | Water‑cooled with electric auxiliary pump | |
Turbocharger | Single twin‑scroll (Honeywell Garrett) | |
Timing system | Chain (front‑mounted; low‑wear design) | |
Oil type | Ford WSS‑M2C949‑A (SAE 5W‑30) | |
Dry weight | 142 kg |
The Ford YLF6 was used across Ford's C‑segment performance platforms with transverse mounting and exclusive to European and global emerging markets. This engine received platform-specific calibrations—enhanced cooling in the Focus ST and revised torque curves in the Puma ST—and from 2023 the Kuga ST‑Line adopted updated engine mounts for NVH refinement, creating minor ECU and hardware interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
The YLF6's primary reliability risk is HPFP drive lobe wear on the intake camshaft in early builds, with elevated incidence in sustained high-load or track-day use. Ford internal field data from 2023 indicated a measurable uptick in camshaft replacements before 60,000 km in ST models, while UK DVSA records show minimal emissions-related failures due to robust GPF management. Aggressive driving without cooldown periods increases thermal and mechanical stress, making fuel quality and driving habits critical.
Analysis derived from Ford technical bulletins (2022–2024) and UK DVSA failure statistics (2020–2025). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
The most common questions about engine codes, what they mean, how to find them and how this database works
The YLF6 is generally robust when maintained properly. Early models (2019–2022) had camshaft/HPFP concerns under hard use, but 2023+ revisions improved durability. Using 98 RON fuel, adhering to oil change intervals, and avoiding constant short trips greatly enhance longevity. The timing chain is low-wear and typically lasts the engine’s life.
The top issues are HPFP drive lobe wear on the camshaft (early models), GPF clogging in urban use, turbo wastegate rattle, and coolant leaks from the thermostat housing. These are documented in Ford TSBs 22‑1089 and 23‑0715. Most are preventable with proper driving and maintenance habits.
The YLF6 powers the Focus ST (240 PS), Puma ST (detuned 200 PS hybrid variant), and Kuga ST‑Line (240 PS) from 2019–2024. It’s exclusive to European and global markets—not used in North America. All variants feature direct injection and a gasoline particulate filter.
Yes. Stage 1 ECU remaps typically yield +25–35 kW safely on stock hardware, as the internals are strong. However, aggressive tuning without camshaft/HPFP upgrades may accelerate wear—especially on pre-2023 engines. Always use 98 RON fuel if tuned, and retain GPF compliance for road legality in the UK/EU.
In a Focus ST 2.3 EcoBoost 240 PS, expect ~8.2 L/100km (city) and ~5.8 L/100km (highway), or ~42 mpg UK combined. Real-world economy drops significantly with aggressive driving or short urban trips due to GPF regeneration cycles and higher power demands.
Yes. The YLF6 is an interference engine. If the timing chain fails (rare but possible), piston-to-valve contact can cause catastrophic damage. However, the chain is front-mounted and designed for life-of-engine service—no scheduled replacement is required if oil is changed regularly.
Ford specifies SAE 5W‑30 oil meeting WSS‑M2C949‑A (or newer). This low-SAPS oil protects the GPF and turbo bearings. Change every 15,000 km or annually. Using non-approved oil can void warranty and accelerate GPF clogging or turbo wear.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
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