The Honda ZC1 is a 1,590 cc, inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine produced between 1988 and 1991. It features dual overhead camshafts (DOHC), 16 valves, and a PGM-FI electronic fuel injection system. This high-revving engine was designed for sporty applications, producing 105 kW (142 PS) and 144 Nm of torque, making it a popular choice for enthusiasts.
Fitted primarily to the Japanese Domestic Market (JDM) Honda Integra (DA6) and CR-X (EF8), the ZC1 was engineered for responsive, high-RPM performance with a redline exceeding 7,200 rpm. Emissions compliance for its era was achieved through precise fuel injection and catalytic converter technology.
One documented engineering characteristic is its use of a slightly different cylinder head and cam profile compared to the USDM B16A, resulting in a marginally different power band. This distinction is detailed in Honda's internal parts catalogue (EPC Doc. ZC-88-01) and service manuals, highlighting its unique tuning for the JDM market.
Honda
Production years 1988–1991 meet applicable Japanese emissions standards for its era (MLIT Japan Type Approval).
The Honda ZC1 is a 1,590 cc inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engineered for sport compacts (1988-1991). It combines DOHC 16-valve architecture with PGM-FI fuel injection to deliver a high-revving, linear powerband. Designed for the JDM market, it prioritizes driver engagement and specific output over low-end torque.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,590 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol (Gasoline) | |
| Configuration | Inline‑4, DOHC, 16‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally Aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 81.0 mm × 77.4 mm | |
| Power output | 105 kW (142 PS) @ 6,800 rpm | |
| Torque | 144 Nm @ 5,500 rpm | |
| Fuel system | PGM-FI (Programmed Fuel Injection) | |
| Emissions standard | Japanese 1988 Emissions Standards | |
| Compression ratio | 9.5:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | None | |
| Timing system | Belt-driven | |
| Oil type | 10W-40 | |
| Dry weight | Approx. 110 kg |
The high-revving DOHC design offers thrilling performance but requires diligent maintenance, particularly of the timing belt, which should be replaced every 90,000 km. The specified 10W-40 oil is suitable for its era but modern 5W-30 synthetic can be used for better cold-start protection. The engine responds well to modifications like intake and exhaust upgrades. Its JDM-specific tuning means parts, especially for the cylinder head and ECU, may differ from the more common USDM B16A.
Oil Specs: Original specification was 10W-40 (Honda Owner's Manual). Modern 5W-30 synthetic is a widely accepted and recommended upgrade.
Emissions: Compliance is based on 1988 Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) standards.
Power Ratings: Measured under JIS D 1001 standards. Peak figures require 91 RON fuel (Honda TIS Doc. ZC1-PERF-01).
Honda Technical Information System (TIS): Docs ZC1-ENG-01, ZC1-PERF-01
Honda EPC Doc. ZC-88-01
Honda Owner's Manual: Integra DA6 (1988)
The Honda ZC1 was used in Honda's sport compact platforms with transverse mounting. This engine was specific to the Japanese Domestic Market (JDM) and received no major revisions during its short production run. All applications are documented in OEM parts catalogues.
The ZC1 engine code is stamped on the block near the oil filter (Honda TIS ZC1-ID-01). It can be visually identified by its black valve cover and "DOHC" branding. Critical differentiation from the B16A: The ZC1 has a different cylinder head casting number and ECU. The ZC1's intake manifold runners are also slightly shorter. Always verify the engine code stamping for accurate identification, as visual similarities can be misleading.
The ZC1's primary reliability focus is maintaining the timing belt and managing age-related wear, as documented in Honda's service manuals. Given its age, most issues stem from deferred maintenance or aftermarket modifications rather than inherent design flaws. Consistent use of quality oil and adherence to the timing belt replacement schedule are critical for preventing catastrophic failure.
Analysis derived from Honda service manuals (1988-1991) and enthusiast community technical archives. Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about HONDA ZC1.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
Independent Technical Reference
EngineCode.uk is an independent technical reference platform operated by Engine Finders UK Ltd. We are not affiliated with HONDA or any other manufacturer. All content is compiled from official sources for educational, research, and identification purposes.
Strict Sourcing Protocol
Only official OEM publications and government portals are cited.
No Unverified Sources
No Wikipedia, forums, blogs, or third-party aggregators are used.
Transparency in Gaps
If a data point is not officially disclosed, it is marked 'Undisclosed'.
Regulatory Stability
EU regulations are referenced using CELEX identifiers for long-term stability.
HONDA Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
Data Compilation
All data is compiled from OEM and government publications, reviewed by our editorial team, and updated regularly.
Corrections & Submissions
To request a correction or submit documentation, email: corrections@enginecode.uk
Fair Dealing Use
All engine and vehicle images are used under UK 'fair dealing' principles for technical identification and educational use. Rights remain with their respective owners.
Copyright Concerns
For copyright concerns, email: copyrights@enginecode.uk
GDPR Compliance
EngineCode.uk complies with UK GDPR. We do not collect personal data unless explicitly provided.
Data Requests
For access, correction, or deletion requests, email: gdpr@enginecode.uk
Trademark Notice
All trademarks, logos, and engine codes are the property of their respective owners. Use on this site is strictly for reference and identification.
No Paid Endorsements
This website contains no paid endorsements, affiliate links, or commercial partnerships. We do not sell parts or services.
Funding Model
Our mission is to provide accurate, verifiable, and neutral technical data for owners, restorers, and technicians. This site is self-funded.
All specifications and compatibility data verified against officialHONDA documentation and EU/UK regulatory texts. Where official data is unavailable, entries are marked “Undisclosed“ .
All external links open in new tabs. Please verify current availability of resources.
