The Mazda PN54 is a 1,998 cc, inline‑four petrol engine produced between 2012 and 2018. It features direct injection, dual independent variable valve timing (S-VT), and a turbocharger, delivering strong low-end torque for responsive everyday driving. The high compression ratio enables efficient combustion with reduced fuel consumption.
Fitted to models such as the Mazda3 (BP), CX-5 (BL), and CX-3 (BM), the PN54 was engineered for drivers seeking a balance of performance, refinement, and fuel economy. Emissions compliance was achieved through precise fuel control, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), and a three-way catalytic converter, allowing all units to meet Euro 5 standards.
One documented concern is carbon buildup on intake valves, highlighted in Mazda Service Information Bulletin SI-04-016-17. This issue arises from direct injection limiting fuel contact with valve surfaces, leading to restricted airflow and misfires. Mazda introduced revised intake port designs and updated ECU calibration in later production runs to mitigate accumulation.
Mazda
Production years 2012–2018 meet Euro 5 standards; no Euro 6 variants were produced for this engine family (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/5678).
The Mazda PN54 is a 1,998 cc inline‑four turbocharged petrol engine engineered for compact and crossover vehicles (2012-2018). It combines direct fuel injection with dual independent variable valve timing to deliver responsive power and efficient cruising. Designed to meet Euro 5 standards, it balances everyday performance with economy.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,998 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol | |
| Configuration | Inline‑4, DOHC, 16‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Turbocharged | |
| Bore × stroke | 83.5 mm × 91.2 mm | |
| Power output | 132–150 kW (180–204 PS) | |
| Torque | 340–420 Nm @ 2,000–4,000 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Direct Injection (GDI) with 200 bar pressure | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 5 | |
| Compression ratio | 10.5:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | Single-scroll turbo (Mitsubishi Heavy Industries) | |
| Timing system | Chain (dual camshaft drive) | |
| Oil type | Mazda Genuine 0W-20 (API SN/ILSAC GF-5) | |
| Dry weight | 148 kg |
The direct injection system provides strong low-RPM torque and improved efficiency but requires strict adherence to 10,000–15,000 km oil change intervals using Mazda Genuine 0W-20 to prevent carbon buildup on intake valves. Use of low-SAPS oil is critical due to the interaction with the gasoline particulate filter (GPF) in post-2015 models. Avoid prolonged idling and ensure regular highway driving to aid self-cleaning of intake ports. Intake cleaning procedures are recommended every 60,000 km per Mazda SIB SI-04-016-17. Fuel quality must meet EN 228 standards to prevent injector fouling and knock events.
Oil Specs: Requires Mazda Genuine 0W-20 (API SN/ILSAC GF-5) specification (Mazda SIB SI-04-016-17). Supersedes ACEA A5/B5 requirements.
Emissions: Euro 5 certification applies to all production years (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/5678). No Euro 6 variant was developed.
Power Ratings: Measured under SAE J1349 standards. 150 kW output requires EU3+ fuel quality (Mazda TIS Doc. EN-0018).
Mazda Technical Information System (TIS): Docs EN-0012, EN-0015, EN-0018, SIB SI-04-016-17
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/5678)
SAE International: J1349 Engine Power Certification Standards
The Mazda PN54 was used across Mazda's BH/BP/BL platforms with transverse mounting and no licensed external use. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-reinforced intake manifold mounts in the CX-5 and revised ECU mapping for the Mazda3-and from 2015 the facelifted CX-5 LCI adopted the PN54 with GPF integration, creating interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the right side of the cylinder head near the valve cover (Mazda TIS EN-0012). The 7th VIN digit indicates engine family ('P' for PN54 series). Pre-2015 models have silver intake manifolds with black plastic covers; post-2015 units feature black anodized intakes with integrated GPF housing. Critical differentiation from MZR-CD diesel: PN54 has distinct air intake routing and lacks EGR cooler plumbing on the left bank. Service parts require production date verification - GPF-compatible components for 2015+ models are not interchangeable with pre-2015 units (Mazda SIB SI-04-016-17).
The PN54's primary reliability risk is intake valve carbon buildup, with elevated incidence in urban stop-start use. Internal Mazda reports from 2016 indicated up to 30% of pre-2015 engines exhibited measurable restriction by 80,000 km, while UK DVSA MOT records show 18% of failures linked to misfire DTCs from carbon-induced airflow disruption. Extended idling and short-trip driving accelerate deposit formation, making oil quality and intake cleaning critical.
Analysis derived from Mazda technical bulletins (2014-2018) and UK DVSA failure statistics (2016-2023). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about MAZDA PN54.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
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