The Nissan CA18DET is a 1,809 cc, inline‑four turbocharged petrol engine produced between 1985 and 1990. It features a cast iron block, aluminum head, double overhead camshafts (DOHC), and a single Garrett T25 turbocharger. In standard form, it delivered 127 kW (172 PS) and 221 Nm of torque, with technologies like electronic fuel injection enabling strong mid — range power for spirited driving.
Fitted primarily to the S12 200SX and S13 Silvia/180SX, the CA18DET was engin…
Nissan
Production years 1985–1990 meet applicable emissions standards for their respective markets at time of manufacture (VCA UK Type Approval data for imported models).
The Nissan CA18DET is a 1,809 cc inline‑four turbocharged petrol engine engineered for sport compact coupes (1985-1990). It combines electronic multi-point fuel injection with a single turbocharger to deliver strong mid-range power and high tunability. Designed to meet contemporary emissions standards, it balances performance potential with mechanical robustness.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
Displacement | 1,809 cc | |
Fuel type | Petrol | |
Configuration | Inline‑4, DOHC, 16‑valve | |
Aspiration | Turbocharged (Garrett T25) | |
Bore × stroke | 83.0 mm × 83.6 mm | |
Power output | 127 kW (172 PS) @ 6,400 rpm | |
Torque | 221 Nm @ 4,000 rpm | |
Fuel system | Electronic multi-point injection (ECCS) | |
Emissions standard | Contemporary standards (e.g., Japan 1985, Euro 1 equivalent) | |
Compression ratio | 8.3:1 | |
Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
Turbocharger | Single Garrett T25 (journal bearing) | |
Timing system | Chain-driven | |
Oil type | 10W-40 or 15W-50 mineral/synthetic blend | |
Dry weight | 140 kg (est.) |
The Nissan CA18DET was used across Nissan's S-platform sports coupes with longitudinal mounting. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-unique engine mounts and exhaust manifolds for the S12 versus the S13-creating some interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
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The CA18DET's primary reliability risk is turbocharger failure due to oil starvation, with elevated incidence in modified or poorly maintained engines. Nissan service data indicates the original oil feed line was a common point of failure, while owner reports frequently cite cracked exhaust manifolds under high boost. Infrequent oil changes and aggressive driving make preventative upgrades critical.
Analysis derived from Nissan technical bulletins (1987-1990) and aggregated owner/mechanic reports from certified repair facilities. Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
The most common questions about engine codes, what they mean, how to find them and how this database works
The CA18DET can be very reliable long-term if well-maintained. Its main weakness is the factory turbo oil feed line, which should be upgraded. With regular oil changes, a healthy turbo, and attention to the ignition system, these engines can easily surpass 200,000 km. Its robust bottom end is legendary.
The most common issues are turbo failure from oil starvation (due to the feed line), cracked exhaust manifolds, and failing ignition components (coils, CAS). Oil leaks from gaskets are also common on high-mileage engines. These are well-documented in Nissan service bulletins.
The CA18DET was primarily used in the Nissan Silvia S12 (RS-X Turbo, 200SX) from 1985-1988 and the Nissan 180SX/Silvia S13 (K's) from 1989-1990. It was never officially sold in North America but is a popular import in other markets.
Yes, extensively. The CA18DET is highly tunable. Simple bolt-ons (boost controller, exhaust, intercooler) can yield significant gains. With a larger turbo and supporting mods, 220-260 kW is achievable on stock internals. Its strong bottom end makes it a tuner favorite.
Fuel economy is moderate for a turbo engine. Expect around 9.5-11.0 L/100km (25-22 mpg UK) in mixed driving for a stock engine. Aggressive driving or modifications will significantly increase consumption. Highway cruising can yield ~7.5 L/100km (38 mpg UK).
Yes. The CA18DET is an interference engine. If the timing chain fails or jumps, the pistons will collide with the valves, causing severe internal damage. While the chain is generally robust, tensioner wear should be monitored during major services.
Nissan recommends 10W-40 or 15W-50 mineral or synthetic blend oil. For modified engines or high ambient temperatures, a quality 15W-50 synthetic is often preferred to protect the turbo bearings and handle increased heat.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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Regulatory Stability
EU regulations are referenced using CELEX identifiers for long-term stability.
NISSAN Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
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