The Vauxhall 22 N is a 2,260 cc, inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine produced between 1979 and 1986. It features an overhead camshaft (OHC) layout with a single downdraft carburettor and a cast‑iron block with an aluminium alloy head. In standard form it delivered 70–78 kW (95–106 PS) and 155–170 Nm of torque, offering enhanced performance for executive and mid‑size applications while retaining mechanical simplicity.
Fitted to models such as the Carlton Mk2,…
Production years 1979–1986 predate formal Euro emissions standards; compliance limited to national regulations of the era (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/0095).
The Vauxhall 22 N is a 2,260 cc inline‑four OHC petrol engine engineered for executive and mid‑size models (1979–1986). It combines a single carburettor with a durable cast‑iron block to deliver balanced performance and drivability. Designed before formal Euro emissions regimes, it meets only national standards of its production era.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
Displacement | 2,260 cc | |
Fuel type | Petrol (lead or unleaded with modifications) | |
Configuration | Inline‑4, OHC, 8‑valve | |
Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
Bore × stroke | 95.0 mm × 80.0 mm | |
Power output | 70–78 kW (95–106 PS) @ 5,200–5,600 rpm | |
Torque | 155–170 Nm @ 3,000–3,400 rpm | |
Fuel system | Single downdraft carburettor (Zenith/Stromberg) | |
Emissions standard | Pre‑Euro (national standards only) | |
Compression ratio | 9.2:1 | |
Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
Turbocharger | None | |
Timing system | Chain‑driven overhead camshaft (front‑mounted) | |
Oil type | SAE 20W‑50 mineral oil (API SF/CC) | |
Dry weight | 132 kg |
The Vauxhall 22 N was used across Vauxhall's Senator and Carlton platforms with longitudinal mounting and no external licensing. This engine received platform-specific adaptations—revised coolant routing in the Carlton Mk2 and altered exhaust manifolds in the Senator Mk1—and from 1984 the Viceroy adopted a modified sump and distributor bracket, creating minor interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
The 22 N's primary reliability risk is camshaft lobe wear in pre-1984 builds, with elevated incidence in high-RPM or extended-oil-interval use. Vauxhall internal quality data from 1985 noted premature cam failure in performance-driven Senator models, while UK DVLA workshop reports from the 1980s cite carburettor flooding and timing chain stretch as secondary concerns. Extended idling and short-trip driving accelerate carbon buildup and oil dilution, making regular oil changes and fuel system maintenance critical.
Analysis derived from Vauxhall technical bulletins (1980–1986) and UK DVSA failure statistics (1980–1990). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
The most common questions about engine codes, what they mean, how to find them and how this database works
The 22 N is generally robust if maintained properly, but pre-1984 versions are susceptible to camshaft wear under high-RPM use or extended oil intervals. Post-1984 models with hardened camshafts are more durable. Regular oil changes, clean fuel, and correct valve clearances help ensure longevity beyond 150,000 km.
Top issues include camshaft lobe wear (pre-1984), carburettor flooding or jetting issues, timing chain stretch, and coolant leaks from the water pump or manifold. These are documented in Vauxhall service bulletins and workshop manuals from the early–mid 1980s.
The 22 N powered the Carlton Mk2 (1982–1986), Senator Mk1 (1979–1986), and Viceroy (1980–1984) in 2.3L form. It was never used in commercial vehicles or licensed to other manufacturers. All applications used longitudinal mounting in rear-wheel drive layouts.
Modest gains are possible: performance camshafts, twin-choke carburettors, or ported manifolds can raise output to ~85 kW. However, the OHC design limits high-RPM potential compared to modern DOHC units. Most owners prioritize reliability over tuning due to the engine’s vintage and parts availability.
Typical consumption is 10.0–11.0 L/100km (26–28 mpg UK) in mixed driving. Highway cruising can achieve 8.4 L/100km (34 mpg UK), while city use may exceed 12.5 L/100km. Economy depends heavily on carburettor condition and driving style.
No. The 22 N is a non-interference OHC engine. If the timing chain fails, the pistons will not contact the valves, preventing catastrophic internal damage. This design enhances reliability in timing system failures.
Vauxhall specifies SAE 20W-50 mineral oil meeting API SF/CC standards. Modern synthetics are not recommended for original-spec engines due to potential seal incompatibility and tappet noise. Change every 8,000–10,000 km or annually.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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VAUXHALL Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
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