The Volkswagen DL is a 1,588 cc, inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine produced between 1979 and 1984. It features a single overhead camshaft (SOHC), two valves per cylinder, and a downdraft carburettor. In standard form it delivered 51 kW (70 PS) and 118 Nm of torque, engineered for economical everyday motoring and straightforward serviceability.
Fitted to models such as the Mk1 Golf, Jetta (A1), and Caddy Mk1, including variants like the 1.6 N and 1.6 L, the DL was designed for drivers prioritising fuel efficiency, mechanical simplicity, and ease of maintenance. Emissions compliance was achieved through basic air injection and evaporative emission controls, meeting Euro 0 standards under prevailing regulations of the time.
One documented concern is premature wear of the distributor drive gear and camshaft lobe pitting under extended high-load conditions, highlighted in Volkswagen Service Technical Bulletin ST04‑80‑01. These issues stem from metallurgical limitations in early production batches and marginal oil flow to the upper valvetrain. From 1982, revised camshaft and distributor gear materials were introduced to improve durability.
Production years 1979–1984 meet Euro 0 emissions standards under prevailing EU directives (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/2051).
The Volkswagen DL is a 1,588 cc inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine engineered for compact and light commercial models (1979–1984). It combines a downdraft carburettor with SOHC valvetrain to deliver predictable throttle response and service-friendly design. Designed to meet Euro 0 emissions standards, it prioritises mechanical robustness over high output.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,588 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol | |
| Configuration | Inline‑4, SOHC, 8‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 81.0 mm × 77.0 mm | |
| Power output | 51 kW (70 PS) | |
| Torque | 118 Nm @ 3,000 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Single-barrel downdraft carburettor (Pierburg 1B2) | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 0 | |
| Compression ratio | 8.2:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | None | |
| Timing system | Chain (front‑mounted) | |
| Oil type | SAE 10W‑40 mineral oil | |
| Dry weight | 110 kg |
The SOHC design offers mechanical simplicity but requires periodic valve clearance adjustment every 15,000 km. The Pierburg carburettor is sensitive to fuel volatility and altitude changes; correct jetting per climate zone is essential. Early camshafts (pre-1982) are prone to lobe wear if oil changes exceed 7,500 km or if non-detergent oils are used. Distributor drive gear wear can cause timing drift—inspect during major services per ST04‑80‑01. Use only leaded or lead-substitute petrol if operating in vintage/classic vehicle categories to protect valve seats.
Oil Specs: Requires SAE 10W-40 mineral oil meeting API SF/CC or equivalent (Volkswagen Owner’s Manual 1980).
Emissions: Euro 0 applies to all production years (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/2051). No catalytic converter fitted.
Power Ratings: Measured under DIN 70020 standards. Output verified on 91 RON petrol (Volkswagen PT‑1985).
Volkswagen Technical Information System (TIS): Docs 043‑1002, 043‑1026, STB 04‑80‑01
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/2051)
DIN 70020: Motor vehicle power measurement
The Volkswagen DL was used across Volkswagen's Mk1 platform with transverse mounting and shared with light commercial variants. This engine received platform-specific adaptations—revised engine mounts in the Jetta sedan and modified exhaust manifolds in the Caddy—and from 1982 the introduction of updated camshaft metallurgy, creating minor service part interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the rear flange of the crankcase near the transmission bellhousing (Volkswagen TIS 043‑1006). The 7th VIN digit is 'D' for 1.6L engines; confirm DL via casting number 043 100 012 on the block. Pre-1982 units use camshaft P/N 043 109 022 A; post-1982 units use P/N 043 109 022 C with hardened lobes. Critical differentiation from DG: DL has 70 PS with lower compression; DG is 75 PS with 8.8:1 ratio. Service parts for camshaft and distributor gear are not interchangeable across model years without verification (Volkswagen STB 04‑80‑01).
The DL's primary reliability risk is camshaft lobe wear and distributor drive gear failure, with elevated incidence in high-mileage or poorly maintained examples. Volkswagen internal data from 1983 indicated a notable rate of valvetrain-related warranty claims in vehicles under 100,000 km, while classic vehicle surveys show carburettor and ignition wear as dominant failure modes. Extended oil change intervals and use of incorrect fuel accelerate mechanical degradation, making maintenance discipline critical.
Analysis derived from Volkswagen technical bulletins (1979–1984) and classic vehicle reliability surveys (1985–2020). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about VOLKSWAGEN DL.
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
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