The Volvo D 4192 T is a 1,870 cc, inline‑four turbo‑diesel engine produced between 1993 and 1996. It was engineered for Volvo's compact executive segment, featuring indirect injection, a fixed-geometry turbocharger, and a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) with two valves per cylinder. In standard form, it produced approximately 66 kW (90 PS) and 185 Nm of torque, prioritizing durability and low-end pulling power over peak performance.
Fitted primarily to the Volvo 440/460 (400 Series) and early 480 models, the D 4192 T was designed for economical, reliable transportation with a focus on torque for everyday drivability. Emissions compliance for its production era was met through basic mechanical fuel injection and exhaust aftertreatment, aligning with Euro 1 standards.
A documented service consideration involves the Bosch VE-type injection pump, which can develop internal wear or leakage over high mileage, leading to starting difficulties or uneven running. This is addressed in Volvo's workshop manuals, which specify inspection and calibration procedures for the pump to maintain optimal fuel delivery.
Production years 1993–1996 meet Euro 1 standards as per applicable EU regulations at the time of manufacture (VCA UK Type Approval historical records).
The Volvo D 4192 T is a 1,870 cc inline‑four turbo‑diesel engineered for compact executive models (1993-1996). It combines indirect injection with a fixed-geometry turbocharger to deliver robust low-end torque and dependable service. Designed to meet Euro 1 emissions standards, it prioritizes longevity and economy over high performance.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,870 cc | |
| Fuel type | Diesel | |
| Configuration | Inline‑4, SOHC, 8‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Turbocharged | |
| Bore × stroke | 83.0 mm × 86.4 mm | |
| Power output | 66 kW (90 PS) @ 4,500 rpm | |
| Torque | 185 Nm @ 2,500 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Bosch VE distributor injection pump | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 1 | |
| Compression ratio | 22.5:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | Fixed-geometry turbo (KKK or Garrett) | |
| Timing system | Chain-driven camshaft | |
| Oil type | ACEA B3/B4 or equivalent (SAE 15W-40) |
The high compression ratio and indirect injection provide strong low-RPM pulling power ideal for steady cruising but demand regular oil changes with robust diesel-rated oil to protect the chain-driven SOHC and turbocharger. The Bosch VE pump requires clean, high-quality diesel fuel to prevent internal wear; contaminated fuel is a primary cause of pump failure. Pre-heating via glow plugs is essential in cold weather for reliable starting. Turbocharger lifespan is extended by allowing brief idle periods before shutdown.
Oil Specs: Requires ACEA B3/B4 specification oil (Volvo Owner's Manual 1994). Modern equivalents meeting ACEA B4 are suitable.
Emissions: Euro 1 certification applies to all 1993-1996 production (EU Directive 91/441/EEC). No market-specific variations documented.
Power Ratings: Measured under EEC 80/1269 standards. Output is consistent across documented applications (Volvo PT-1995).
Volvo Technical Information System (TIS) / Workshop Manuals: TP 30780
Volvo Group Powertrain Specifications (PT-1995)
EU Directive 91/441/EEC (Euro 1 Standard)
ACEA European Oil Sequences
The Volvo D 4192 T was used in Volvo's 400 Series platform with transverse mounting. This engine received minor platform-specific adaptations for the 440/460 saloon/hatchback and the 480 coupe, primarily concerning ancillary mounting and exhaust routing. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine identification plate, typically riveted to the inlet manifold or cylinder head, displaying the code "D 4192 T". The 8th digit of the VIN for 400 Series vehicles is "D" for diesel models. Visually, the engine can be identified by its cast-iron block, SOHC valve cover, and the prominent Bosch VE injection pump mounted on the right side. Differentiation from the non-turbo D 4192 is the presence of the turbocharger and associated pipework. Service parts are generally consistent across 440/460 and 480 applications for this engine code, but ancillary components (mounts, manifolds) may differ; always verify part numbers using the VIN in the official EPC.
The D 4192 T's primary service consideration is the Bosch VE injection pump, with potential for wear or leakage over extended service life. Volvo workshop data indicates pump recalibration or replacement is a common high-mileage service item, while general mechanical robustness is good with proper maintenance. Extended idling and poor fuel quality accelerate pump wear, making fuel filter changes and using clean diesel critical.
Analysis derived from Volvo technical bulletins (1993-1996) and workshop manual data. Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about VOLVO D-419-2T.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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VOLVO Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
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