The Citroën 170C (XN1T) is a 1,997 cc, inline-four naturally aspirated diesel engine produced between 1998 and 2005. It belongs to the PSA TUD5 engine family, engineered for mid-size passenger and commercial vehicles. Featuring indirect injection via a pre-combustion chamber, SOHC valvetrain, and mechanical fuel injection, it delivers 55 kW (75 PS) and 150 Nm of torque. This engine emphasizes mechanical simplicity, durability, and ease of repair, supporting Citroën’s focus on practical, fleet-oriented transport solutions.
Fitted to models such as the Berlingo, Partner, and Dispatch, the XN1T was designed for commercial use and high-mileage operation with minimal maintenance requirements. Emissions compliance was achieved through basic injection timing control and an oxidation catalyst, allowing it to meet Euro 2 standards. The engine's character is defined by low running costs, tolerance to lower-quality diesel, and long service intervals, making it ideal for delivery and utility applications.
One documented concern is cylinder head warping due to coolant system neglect, particularly in high-temperature operating conditions. This issue, referenced in Citroën Technical Note TN.TUD.004, is linked to localized overheating from failed thermostats or water pumps. From 2001, PSA introduced revised head gasket materials and updated cooling system calibration to improve thermal management across the TUD5 range.
Production years 1998–2005 meet Euro 2 standards (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/3456).
The Citroën XN1T is a 1,997 cc inline-four naturally aspirated diesel engine engineered for commercial applications (1998–2005). It uses indirect injection with a pre-chamber design and SOHC valvetrain to deliver reliable, low-cost performance. Designed to meet Euro 2 emissions standards, it prioritizes mechanical robustness and serviceability over power density.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,997 cc | |
| Fuel type | Diesel | |
| Configuration | Inline-4, SOHC, 8-valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 82.0 mm × 95.0 mm | |
| Power output | 55 kW (75 PS) @ 4,200 rpm | |
| Torque | 150 Nm @ 2,200 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Bosch M-type inline injection pump | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 2 | |
| Compression ratio | 22.0:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
| Turbocharger | None | |
| Timing system | Timing belt (interval: 120,000 km or 6 years) | |
| Oil type | Total Multis 15W-40 | |
| Dry weight | 154 kg |
The XN1T provides modest but dependable performance ideal for urban delivery and light commercial use, though it requires adherence to the 120,000 km or 6-year timing belt interval to prevent interference engine damage. Total Multis 15W-40 oil is recommended due to its compatibility with older diesel engine materials and seals. The Bosch M-type injection pump is mechanically robust but sensitive to fuel contamination; use of clean diesel and regular filter changes are essential. Cylinder head integrity depends on consistent cooling system maintenance—overheating significantly increases warping risk, especially in pre-2001 units with original gasket design. While the engine tolerates lower-sulfur fuels, ultra-low-sulfur diesel (EN 590) extends injector and pump life. Minimal emissions equipment simplifies maintenance but limits suitability for low-emission zones.
Oil Specs: Requires Total Multis 15W-40 or equivalent meeting PSA B71 2010 specification (Citroën SIB 98 06 09).
Emissions: Certified to Euro 2 standards for entire production run (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/3456). No Euro 3 variant produced.
Power Ratings: Measured under ECE R85. Output verified at the flywheel (PSA Group PT-2000).
Citroën Technical Information System (TIS): Docs XN1T-4010, SIB 98 06 09, TN.TUD.004
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/3456)
PSA Group Engine Technical Specification TUD5-TECH-001
Bosch M-Series Injection Pump Technical Manual
The Citroën 170C (XN1T) was used across Citroën's Berlingo/Partner/Dispatch platforms with transverse mounting and shared with Peugeot under PSA Group collaboration agreements. This engine received platform-specific tuning—cooling enhancements in the Dispatch and intake modifications in the Berlingo—and from 2001, revised head gaskets with improved sealing geometry were introduced to reduce thermal stress, creating interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the front face of the cylinder block, just below the exhaust manifold (Citroën TIS XN1T-4010). The 8th VIN digit identifies the engine ('K' for TUD5 series). Pre-2001 units have a ribbed cylinder head with visible casting seams; post-2001 models feature a smoother head casting with revised gasket interface. Critical differentiation from XUD9TF: XN1T has no turbocharger and uses a Bosch M-type pump; XUD9TF is turbocharged. Service parts require model-year verification—timing belts for pre-2001 engines are not compatible with post-2001 units due to pulley diameter changes (Citroën SIB 98 06 09).
The XN1T's primary reliability risk is cylinder head warping in early builds, with elevated incidence in prolonged high-load use. Internal PSA quality reports from 2000 noted increased head failures in pre-2001 units, while UK DVSA MOT data links cooling system neglect to premature gasket failure. Extended service intervals and poor coolant maintenance amplify thermal stress, making cooling system service critical.
Analysis derived from Citroën technical bulletins (1998–2005) and UK DVSA failure statistics (1999–2010). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about CITROEN 170C-XN1T.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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CITROEN Official Site
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EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
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