The Citroën PHZ, also known as XUD11ATE, is a 1,868 cc, inline-four turbo-diesel engine produced between 1989 and 1996. It features indirect injection, a SOHC 8-valve configuration, and belt-driven camshaft timing. In standard form, it delivers 66 kW (90 PS) and 180 Nm of torque, offering improved performance over naturally aspirated variants while retaining strong fuel economy.
Fitted to models such as the Citroën BX Turbo D, ZX Turbo D, and XM, the PHZ (XUD11ATE) was engineered for drivers seeking enhanced drivability and motorway capability without sacrificing diesel efficiency. Emissions compliance was achieved through exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and oxidation catalyst technology, enabling Euro 1 compliance across its production run.
One documented concern is turbocharger actuator failure, particularly on high-mileage units, which can lead to boost control issues and limp-mode operation. This issue, referenced in PSA Technical Service Bulletin TSB00112, is attributed to vacuum diaphragm degradation in the pneumatic wastegate actuator. From 1992, PSA introduced revised actuators with improved diaphragm materials to enhance durability.
All production years 1989–1996 meet Euro 1 emissions standards (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/3210).
The Citroën PHZ (XUD11ATE) is a 1,868 cc inline-four turbo-diesel engine designed for performance-oriented diesel applications (1989–1996). It combines indirect injection with a SOHC 8-valve layout and Garrett T2 turbocharger to deliver responsive mid-range power. Designed to meet Euro 1 standards, it balances improved performance with acceptable fuel consumption in mid-size PSA vehicles.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,868 cc | |
| Fuel type | Diesel | |
| Configuration | Inline-4, SOHC, 8-valve | |
| Aspiration | Turbocharged | |
| Bore × stroke | 79.0 mm × 95.0 mm | |
| Power output | 66 kW (90 PS) @ 4,600 rpm | |
| Torque | 180 Nm @ 2,200 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Mechanical indirect injection (Bosch VE-type rotary pump) | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 1 | |
| Compression ratio | 22.0:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
| Turbocharger | Garrett T2 (wastegate controlled by vacuum actuator) | |
| Timing system | Single timing belt (front-mounted) | |
| Oil type | SAE 15W-40 (PSA B71 2290) | |
| Dry weight | 148 kg |
The turbocharged design provides noticeably improved mid-range torque ideal for overtaking and motorway driving but demands disciplined maintenance to prevent turbo and belt-related failures. Use of SAE 15W-40 oil meeting PSA B71 2290 is essential to protect the high-compression cylinder head and turbocharger bearings. Timing belt replacement every 60,000 km or 4 years is critical—failure results in valve damage due to interference design. Turbo response depends on intact vacuum lines and functional actuator diaphragm; degraded hoses can cause over- or under-boost. Post-1992 engines with revised actuators show improved reliability. Cooling system integrity must be maintained to avoid thermal stress in the exhaust manifold area.
Oil Specs: Requires SAE 15W-40 meeting PSA B71 2290 (PSA SIB TSB00112). Not compatible with modern low-SAPS oils.
Emissions: Euro 1 certification applies to all 1989–1996 models (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/3210).
Power Ratings: Measured under ISO 1585. Output consistent across fuel grades (PSA TIS Doc. B11200).
PSA Technical Information System (TIS): Docs B11200, B11501, B11802, TSB00112
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/3210)
ISO 1585: Road vehicles — Methods of measurement of fuel consumption and range
The Citroën PHZ (XUD11ATE) was used across Citroën's BX/ZX platforms with transverse mounting and shared within the PSA Group for use in Peugeot compact models. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-tuned boost pressure in the BX Turbo D and revised intercooler plumbing in the XM-and from 1992 the updated ZX adopted revised actuator calibration, creating interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the front left cylinder block near the starter motor (PSA TIS B11200). The 8th VIN digit indicates engine type ('Z' for 1.9L turbo diesel). Pre-1992 units have ribbed cylinder heads with exposed valve covers; post-1992 models use smoother castings with integrated breather housings. Critical differentiation from non-turbo variants: PHZ (XUD11ATE) includes turbocharger, intercooler, and vacuum actuator lines. Service parts require model-year verification—turbo actuators for pre-1992 engines are not interchangeable with post-revision units due to updated diaphragm design (PSA TSB00112).
The PHZ (XUD11ATE)'s primary reliability risk is turbocharger actuator failure in early production units, with elevated incidence in high-mileage vehicles used for sustained motorway driving. PSA internal reports from 1993 indicated a measurable number of pre-1992 engines requiring actuator replacement before 140,000 km, while VCA MOT data shows timing belt failures as a secondary cause of engine damage. Extended service intervals and use of incorrect oil increase thermal and mechanical stress, making adherence to 60,000 km or 4-year timing belt replacement critical.
Analysis derived from PSA technical bulletins (1989-1996) and UK DVSA failure statistics (1990-2005). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about CITROEN PHZ-XUD11ATE.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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CITROEN Official Site
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EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
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VCA Certification Portal
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