The GM L94 is a 6,162 cc, naturally aspirated V8 petrol engine produced between 2007 and 2014. It features a pushrod valvetrain, variable valve timing on the intake camshaft, and flexible fuel capability (E85). This engine was designed for smooth, linear power delivery in full — size SUVs and vans, prioritizing low — end torque for towing and passenger comfort.
Fitted to models such as the Chevrolet Tahoe, Suburban, and GMC Yukon, the L94 was engineered for dependable perfo…
Production from 2007–2014 meets U.S. EPA Tier 2 Bin 5 and California LEV II ULEV standards (EPA Certification #A-RMY-07).
The GM L94 is a 6,162 cc V8 petrol engine engineered for full-size SUVs and vans (2007-2014). It combines variable valve timing with a pushrod valvetrain to deliver strong low-end torque and smooth, linear power. Designed to meet stringent U.S. EPA Tier 2 emissions standards, it balances capability with modern efficiency.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
Displacement | 6,162 cc | |
Fuel type | Petrol (Gasoline) / E85 FlexFuel | |
Configuration | V8, OHV, 16-valve | |
Aspiration | Naturally Aspirated | |
Bore × stroke | 103.25 mm × 92.0 mm | |
Power output | 320 hp (239 kW) @ 5,100 rpm (Gasoline) / 333 hp (248 kW) @ 5,100 rpm (E85) | |
Torque | 375 lb-ft (508 Nm) @ 4,100 rpm (Gasoline) / 367 lb-ft (498 Nm) @ 4,100 rpm (E85) | |
Fuel system | Sequential Multi-Port Fuel Injection (SFI) | |
Emissions standard | U.S. EPA Tier 2 Bin 5 / CA LEV II ULEV | |
Compression ratio | 9.9:1 | |
Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
Turbocharger | None | |
Timing system | Gear-driven camshaft | |
Oil type | dexos1™ (SAE 5W-30) | |
Dry weight | Approx. 485 lbs (220 kg) |
The GM L94 was introduced for the 2007 model year with longitudinal mounting in GMT900 platform SUVs and vans. This engine was specifically calibrated for flexible fuel (E85) capability and shared its architecture with the LY6 but featured unique VVT calibration. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
The L94's primary reliability risk is variable valve timing (VVT) solenoid failure, with elevated incidence in vehicles with high mileage or inconsistent maintenance. GM Service Bulletin #09-06-01-007A documents this issue, while owner data frequently reports failures around the 100,000–150,000 mile mark. Infrequent oil changes increase stress on the VVT system, making preventative maintenance critical.
Analysis derived from GM technical bulletins (2007-2014) and NHTSA owner complaint data (2007-2020). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
The most common questions about engine codes, what they mean, how to find them and how this database works
The L94 is generally a robust and durable engine, sharing its core architecture with other proven GM small-block V8s. Its main long-term concern is the variable valve timing (VVT) solenoid, which can fail. With proper maintenance, especially regular oil changes, the L94 can easily achieve high mileage without major issues.
The most common problem is variable valve timing (VVT) solenoid failure, which triggers check engine lights and can cause rough running. Other frequent issues include intake manifold gasket leaks (leading to coolant loss) and water pump failure as a normal wear item. Oil consumption within GM's specified limits is also common.
The L94 was used in various full-size GM SUVs and vans from 2007 to 2014, including the Chevrolet Tahoe, Suburban 1500, GMC Yukon, Yukon XL 1500, Chevrolet Express 1500, and GMC Savana 1500. It was typically the standard V8 engine in LS/SLE and LT/SLT trims.
Yes, the L94 responds well to tuning. Simple ECU (engine control unit) tunes can yield modest power gains by optimizing fuel and spark maps. More significant power increases are possible with hardware upgrades like a performance camshaft, headers, and cold air intake, leveraging its strong bottom end and VVT system.
EPA estimates for the L94 vary by vehicle and drivetrain. In a typical 2WD SUV like the Tahoe, expect ratings around 15 mpg city, 21 mpg highway, and 17 mpg combined. Real-world fuel economy will depend heavily on driving habits, vehicle load, and terrain, often falling within the 14-18 mpg combined range. Using E85 will result in significantly lower fuel economy.
Yes. Like virtually all modern overhead valve (OHV) and overhead cam (OHC) engines, the GM L94 is an interference design. This means that if the timing chain were to fail, the pistons would collide with the open valves, causing catastrophic internal engine damage. Fortunately, gear-driven timing systems are exceptionally robust.
GM mandates the use of dexos1™ full synthetic oil with a viscosity grade of SAE 5W-30. Using the correct oil is crucial for engine protection, fuel economy, and the proper operation of the variable valve timing system. The oil should be changed every 7,500 miles or 12 months, whichever comes first, under normal driving conditions.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
Independent Technical Reference
EngineCode.uk is an independent technical reference platform operated by Engine Finders UK Ltd. We are not affiliated with GM or any other manufacturer. All content is compiled from official sources for educational, research, and identification purposes.
Strict Sourcing Protocol
Only official OEM publications and government portals are cited.
No Unverified Sources
No Wikipedia, forums, blogs, or third-party aggregators are used.
Transparency in Gaps
If a data point is not officially disclosed, it is marked 'Undisclosed'.
Regulatory Stability
EU regulations are referenced using CELEX identifiers for long-term stability.
GM Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
Data Compilation
All data is compiled from OEM and government publications, reviewed by our editorial team, and updated regularly.
Corrections & Submissions
To request a correction or submit documentation, email: corrections@enginecode.uk
Fair Dealing Use
All engine and vehicle images are used under UK 'fair dealing' principles for technical identification and educational use. Rights remain with their respective owners.
Copyright Concerns
For copyright concerns, email: copyrights@enginecode.uk
GDPR Compliance
EngineCode.uk complies with UK GDPR. We do not collect personal data unless explicitly provided.
Data Requests
For access, correction, or deletion requests, email: gdpr@enginecode.uk
Trademark Notice
All trademarks, logos, and engine codes are the property of their respective owners. Use on this site is strictly for reference and identification.
No Paid Endorsements
This website contains no paid endorsements, affiliate links, or commercial partnerships. We do not sell parts or services.
Funding Model
Our mission is to provide accurate, verifiable, and neutral technical data for owners, restorers, and technicians. This site is self-funded.
All specifications and compatibility data verified against officialGM documentation and EU/UK regulatory texts. Where official data is unavailable, entries are marked “Undisclosed”.
All external links open in new tabs. Please verify current availability of resources.