The GM LCF is a 1,598 cc, turbocharged inline — three petrol engine produced from 2022 onwards. It features dual overhead camshafts (DOHC), direct fuel injection, and an integrated exhaust manifold within the cylinder head. Peak output is rated at 132 kW (179 PS) and 270 Nm of torque, providing a blend of efficiency and spirited performance for its compact size.
Fitted to the Chevrolet Equinox and GMC Terrain, the LCF was engineered for responsive, everyday driving with an e…
Production years 2022–Present meet Euro 6d and U.S. Tier 3 Bin 30 standards (EPA Certificate of Conformity #A-22-008).
The GM LCF is a 1,598 cc inline-three turbocharged petrol engine engineered for compact SUVs (2022-Present). It combines direct injection with a single-scroll turbocharger to deliver strong low-end torque and agile performance. Designed to meet Euro 6d and U.S. Tier 3 Bin 30 standards, it balances efficiency with responsive power.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
Displacement | 1,598 cc | |
Fuel type | Petrol | |
Configuration | Inline-3, DOHC, 12-valve | |
Aspiration | Turbocharged | |
Bore × stroke | 74.0 mm × 82.6 mm | |
Power output | 132 kW (179 PS) @ 5,600 rpm | |
Torque | 270 Nm @ 2,000–4,500 rpm | |
Fuel system | Direct Injection (SIDI) with GPF | |
Emissions standard | Euro 6d / U.S. Tier 3 Bin 30 | |
Compression ratio | 10.0:1 | |
Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
Turbocharger | Single-scroll, integrated exhaust manifold | |
Timing system | Chain-driven | |
Oil type | dexos1™ Gen 3 (SAE 5W-30) | |
Dry weight | 105 kg |
The GM LCF was used across GM's VSS-F platform SUVs with transverse mounting and no external licensing. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-unique engine mounts and accessory drive layouts for the Equinox versus the Terrain-creating minor service part differences. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
The LCF's primary documented service focus is potential turbocharger oil line heat degradation in hot climates, with elevated incidence under stop-start urban driving. GM internal data from 2023 indicated a subset of engines required revised oil line routing, while NHTSA data shows no significant safety recalls. Adherence to the revised service procedure is critical for preventative maintenance.
Analysis derived from GM technical bulletins (2022-2024) and NHTSA recall data (2022-2024). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
The most common questions about engine codes, what they mean, how to find them and how this database works
The GM LCF is designed for efficiency and responsiveness. Its primary long-term consideration is turbocharger durability in hot climates, addressed by a factory service bulletin. With regular maintenance using dexos1™ oil and adherence to recommended driving cycles for the GPF, it should provide dependable service.
The most common documented issues are turbocharger oil seal failure (in hot climates), GPF clogging from short trips, VVT actuator rattle on cold starts, and coolant leaks from the thermostat housing. These are addressed in GM service bulletins and are generally manageable.
The LCF engine is found in the Chevrolet Equinox (LT, RS, Premier trims) and the GMC Terrain (SLE, SLT, AT4 trims) from the 2023 model year onwards. It is not used in any non-GM vehicles.
Yes, the LCF can be tuned. An ECU remap can yield modest gains of 15-20 kW by optimizing boost pressure and ignition timing. However, as a small three-cylinder engine, significant power increases are limited by the stock turbocharger and internal components.
Fuel economy is excellent for its class. In a Chevrolet Equinox FWD, expect around 9.0 L/100km (city) and 7.1 L/100km (highway), or approximately 30 mpg (US) combined. Real-world figures vary based on driving style and conditions.
Yes. The GM LCF is an interference engine. If the timing chain were to fail (an extremely rare event), the pistons would collide with the open valves, resulting in catastrophic internal engine damage requiring a full rebuild or replacement.
GM mandates the use of dexos1™ Gen 3 full synthetic oil, typically in 5W-30 viscosity. Using the correct specification is non-negotiable for warranty compliance and to ensure the longevity of the turbocharger and variable valve timing system.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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GM Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
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