The GM LCF is a 1,598 cc, turbocharged inline-three petrol engine produced from 2022 onwards. It features dual overhead camshafts (DOHC), direct fuel injection, and an integrated exhaust manifold within the cylinder head. Peak output is rated at 132 kW (179 PS) and 270 Nm of torque, providing a blend of efficiency and spirited performance for its compact size.
Fitted to the Chevrolet Equinox and GMC Terrain, the LCF was engineered for responsive, everyday driving with an emphasis on low-end torque and fuel economy. Its character prioritizes smooth power delivery and quiet operation. Emissions compliance is achieved through its gasoline particulate filter (GPF) and three-way catalytic converter, meeting stringent Euro 6d and U.S. Tier 3 Bin 30 standards.
One documented engineering focus is managing the thermal durability of the turbocharger and associated oil feed/return lines, addressed in GM Service Bulletin #23-NA-201. This bulletin outlines revised turbocharger oil line routing and updated heat shielding for vehicles operating in high-ambient-temperature environments to prevent premature seal degradation.
Production years 2022–Present meet Euro 6d and U.S. Tier 3 Bin 30 standards (EPA Certificate of Conformity #A-22-008).
The GM LCF is a 1,598 cc inline-three turbocharged petrol engine engineered for compact SUVs (2022-Present). It combines direct injection with a single-scroll turbocharger to deliver strong low-end torque and agile performance. Designed to meet Euro 6d and U.S. Tier 3 Bin 30 standards, it balances efficiency with responsive power.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,598 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol | |
| Configuration | Inline-3, DOHC, 12-valve | |
| Aspiration | Turbocharged | |
| Bore × stroke | 74.0 mm × 82.6 mm | |
| Power output | 132 kW (179 PS) @ 5,600 rpm | |
| Torque | 270 Nm @ 2,000–4,500 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Direct Injection (SIDI) with GPF | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 6d / U.S. Tier 3 Bin 30 | |
| Compression ratio | 10.0:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
| Turbocharger | Single-scroll, integrated exhaust manifold | |
| Timing system | Chain-driven | |
| Oil type | dexos1™ Gen 3 (SAE 5W-30) | |
| Dry weight | 105 kg |
The turbocharged design offers strong low-RPM torque ideal for city and highway merging but requires strict adherence to 12,000 km or 12-month oil changes using dexos1™ Gen 3 oil to protect the turbocharger bearings and timing chain. The direct injection system with GPF necessitates the use of Top Tier or equivalent high-detergent fuel to prevent injector fouling. Revised turbocharger oil line routing per GM SIB #23-NA-201 is recommended for vehicles in hot climates to prevent oil coking and seal failure.
Oil Specs: Requires GM dexos1™ Gen 3 specification (GM Service Manual SI-10345). This is a mandatory requirement, not a recommendation.
Emissions: Certified to Euro 6d and U.S. Tier 3 Bin 30 standards (EPA Certificate of Conformity #A-22-008). Applies to all model years 2022–Present.
Power Ratings: Measured under SAE J1349 standards. Peak output requires 87 AKI (RON 91) or higher fuel (GM Owner's Manual).
GM Technical Information System (TIS): Docs SI-10345, #22-I3-002, #23-NA-201
GM Electronic Parts Catalog (EPC): Doc. ENG-9345
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Certificate Database (A-22-008)
SAE International: J1349 Engine Power Certification Standards
The GM LCF was used across GM's VSS-F platform SUVs with transverse mounting and no external licensing. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-unique engine mounts and accessory drive layouts for the Equinox versus the Terrain-creating minor service part differences. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code 'LCF' stamped on a machined pad on the front of the engine block, near the timing cover (GM TIS Doc. ENG-ID-015). The 8th digit of the VIN is 'C' for vehicles equipped with this engine. Visually, it can be identified by its compact, three-cylinder layout and the 'ECOTEC' badge on the engine cover. Critical differentiation from the naturally aspirated L3A: The LCF features a visible turbocharger and intercooler piping. Service parts like the turbocharger and intake manifold are specific to the Equinox or Terrain application and are not interchangeable without ECU reprogramming (GM SIB #23-INT-015).
The LCF's primary documented service focus is potential turbocharger oil line heat degradation in hot climates, with elevated incidence under stop-start urban driving. GM internal data from 2023 indicated a subset of engines required revised oil line routing, while NHTSA data shows no significant safety recalls. Adherence to the revised service procedure is critical for preventative maintenance.
Analysis derived from GM technical bulletins (2022-2024) and NHTSA recall data (2022-2024). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about GM LCF.
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