The Nissan KA24E is a 2,389 cc, inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine produced between 1989 and 1997. It features a cast iron block, aluminum cylinder head, and a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) valvetrain with 12 valves. This engine was designed for durability and smooth torque delivery in Nissan's trucks and performance coupes.
Fitted to models such as the 240SX (S13), Hardbody Truck (D21), and Pathfinder (WD21), the KA24E was engineered for reliable perform…
Production years 1989–1997 meet applicable Japanese and US emissions standards for their respective model years (Nissan Technical Bulletin NTB-91-004).
The Nissan KA24E is a 2,389 cc inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine engineered for trucks, SUVs, and sports coupes (1989-1997). It combines a robust cast iron block with a SOHC 12-valve head and multi-point fuel injection to deliver smooth, reliable power. Designed to meet emissions standards of its era, it prioritizes torque and longevity over high-revving performance.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
Displacement | 2,389 cc | |
Fuel type | Petrol | |
Configuration | Inline‑4, SOHC, 12‑valve | |
Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
Bore × stroke | 89.0 mm × 96.0 mm | |
Power output | 98–105 kW (133–143 PS) | |
Torque | 206–210 Nm @ 2,800 rpm | |
Fuel system | Multi-point fuel injection (MPFI) | |
Emissions standard | US Tier 0 / Japanese 1990s standards | |
Compression ratio | 8.6:1 | |
Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
Turbocharger | None | |
Timing system | Chain-driven camshaft | |
Oil type | SAE 10W-30 (API SG/CC) | |
Dry weight | 185 kg |
The Nissan KA24E was used across Nissan's S13, D21, and WD21 platforms with longitudinal mounting. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-exhaust manifold routing for the 240SX and reinforced mounts for the Hardbody-creating minor interchange considerations. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
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The KA24E's primary reliability risk is distributor shaft bushing wear, with elevated incidence in high-mileage examples. Nissan service data indicates distributor-related ignition complaints are common, while owner reports frequently cite coolant leaks. Vehicles used for towing or in hot climates make cooling system maintenance critical.
Analysis derived from Nissan technical bulletins (1989-1997) and owner workshop manual data. Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
The most common questions about engine codes, what they mean, how to find them and how this database works
The KA24E is renowned for its exceptional durability and long-term reliability. Its simple, overbuilt design allows it to handle high mileage with ease. With basic maintenance like regular oil changes and timely replacement of the distributor, these engines can easily surpass 400,000 km. It's a favorite for engine swaps due to its robustness.
The most frequent issues are wear in the distributor shaft bushings causing ignition problems, coolant leaks from aging hoses or the water pump, oil leaks from the valve cover or rear main seal, and intake manifold gasket leaks. These are well-documented and relatively inexpensive to fix.
The KA24E was used in the iconic Nissan 240SX (S13), the rugged Hardbody Truck (D21), the Pathfinder SUV (WD21), and the Terrano (R50). It was a versatile engine, powering everything from sports cars to work trucks during the late 1980s and 1990s.
Yes, the KA24E responds well to tuning. Common upgrades include a performance camshaft, larger throttle body, free-flow exhaust, and intake manifold porting. Significant power gains are possible, and its robust bottom end can handle moderate forced induction. Many enthusiasts swap in the DOHC KA24DE head for even greater potential.
Fuel economy is moderate. Expect around 10.0-12.0 L/100km (24-28 mpg UK) in mixed driving for a 240SX. The heavier Hardbody truck or Pathfinder will consume more, around 12.0-15.0 L/100km (19-24 mpg UK), especially if used for towing or off-roading.
No. The KA24E is a non-interference engine. If the timing chain were to fail or jump, the pistons will not contact the valves. This means a timing failure will cause the engine to stop running but will not result in catastrophic internal damage, making it very forgiving.
Nissan originally specified SAE 10W-30 oil meeting API SG/CC standards. A good quality 10W-30 or 10W-40 mineral or semi-synthetic oil is perfectly suitable for this engine. Full synthetic oil can also be used and may offer better protection under heavy loads or high temperatures.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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Regulatory Stability
EU regulations are referenced using CELEX identifiers for long-term stability.
NISSAN Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
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