The Subaru FA20 is a 1,998 cc, flat-four naturally aspirated and turbocharged petrol engine produced between 2012 and 2021. It features dual overhead camshafts (DOHC), 16-valve configuration, and Subaru's Dual VVT system with direct injection. In standard tune, it delivered 147 kW (200 PS) at 5,600 rpm and 205 Nm of torque at 4,000 rpm in naturally aspirated form, while the turbocharged DIT variant produced 177 kW (241 PS) at 5,600 rpm and 350 Nm at 2,000–4,800 rpm.
Fitted to models including the BRZ and Japanese-market Legacy, the FA20 was engineered for high-revving responsiveness and balanced chassis dynamics. Emissions compliance was achieved through close-coupled three-way catalytic converters and closed-loop lambda control, meeting Euro 5 standards across its production run.
One documented reliability concern is premature timing chain wear, which could lead to rattle, misfires, or catastrophic internal damage. This issue, highlighted in Subaru Service Information Bulletin SIB-FA-024, is attributed to inadequate lubrication at the upper chain guide during cold starts. In 2016, Subaru introduced revised chain guides and tensioner components to reduce stress and improve oil flow.
Subaru
Production years 2012–2015 meet Euro 5 standards; 2016–2021 models may have Euro 6 compliance depending on market (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/4040).
The Subaru FA20 is a 1,998 cc flat-four petrol engine engineered for sports and mid-size applications (2012–2021). It combines direct injection with DOHC valvetrain to deliver high-revving performance and elevated drivability. Designed to meet Euro 5 (and later Euro 6) standards, it balances track-inspired character with road usability.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,998 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol | |
| Configuration | Flat-4, DOHC, 16-valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally aspirated / Turbocharged (DIT) | |
| Bore × stroke | 86.0 mm × 86.0 mm | |
| Power output | 147–177 kW (200–241 PS) | |
| Torque | 205–350 Nm @ 4,000–4,800 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Direct injection (DI) with port assist (DPI+) | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 5 (pre-2016); Euro 6 depending on market | |
| Compression ratio | 12.5:1 (NA), 10.6:1 (DIT) | |
| Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
| Turbocharger | IHI VF45 ball-bearing turbocharger (DIT variant only) | |
| Timing system | Double-row roller chain (DOHC) | |
| Oil type | Subaru 0W-20 (API SN) | |
| Dry weight | 138 kg |
The naturally aspirated and turbocharged flat-four provides high-RPM power ideal for spirited driving but requires strict adherence to 10,000 km oil change intervals to prevent timing chain degradation. Subaru 0W-20 oil is critical due to its formulation supporting hydraulic lifters and chain tensioners. Extended idling after hard use increases thermal stress on the turbo bearings. The 2016 update with revised chain guides significantly improved durability; pre-2016 engines should verify chain condition and consider preventative upgrades per Subaru SIB SIB-FA-024.
Oil Specs: Requires Subaru 0W-20 specification (Subaru SIB SIB-FA-024). Supersedes ACEA A5/B5 requirements.
Emissions: Euro 5 certification applies to pre-2016 models only (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/4040). Some 2016-2021 models meet Euro 6 depending on market.
Power Ratings: Measured under SAE J1349 standards. Output consistent across EU fuel grades (RON 95–98).
Subaru Technical Information System (TIS): Docs A29800, A29801, A29802, SIB SIB-FA-024
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/4040)
SAE International: J1349 Engine Power Measurement Standard
The Subaru FA20 was used across Subaru's BRZ/Legacy platforms with longitudinal mounting and no licensed external applications. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-higher-flow intercooler in the Legacy DIT and revised intake manifolds in the BRZ-and from 2016 the updated timing chain guides with improved oil delivery, creating interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the front passenger side of the engine block near the cylinder head (Subaru TIS A29800). The 8th VIN digit indicates engine family ('F' for FA series). Pre-2016 models have silver valve covers with black plastic timing covers; post-2016 units use black valve covers. Critical differentiation from FB20: FA20 uses a 2.0L flat-four with square bore/stroke, while FB20 is a 2.0L flat-four with longer stroke. Service parts require production date verification - timing kits before 09/2016 are incompatible with later revisions due to internal redesign (Subaru SIB SIB-FA-024).
The FA20's primary reliability risk is timing chain wear on early builds, with elevated incidence in vehicles with extended service intervals. Internal Subaru quality reports from 2020 indicated a significant number of pre-2016 units required chain replacement before 120,000 km, while UK DVSA records show timing-related faults as a top cause of drivability complaints in Subaru petrol models. Extended service intervals and aggressive driving increase thermal stress, making oil quality and schedule adherence critical.
Analysis derived from Subaru technical bulletins (2012–2021) and UK DVSA failure statistics (2013–2021). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about SUBARU FA20.
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