The SUBARU FA20D is a 1,998 cc, flat — four petrol engine produced between 2012 and 2021. It features a DOHC valvetrain with Dual Active Valve Control System (DAVCS), direct fuel injection (DI), and aluminium block and head construction, delivering high — revving performance for all — wheel — drive applications. In standard tune it produced 147 kW (200 PS) with 205 Nm of torque, forming part of Subaru's FA engine family.
Fitted to models such as the Subaru BRZ and Scion FR — S, th…
Subaru
All production years (2012–2021) meet Euro 5 emissions standards (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/9244).
The SUBARU FA20D is a 1,998 cc flat-four petrol engine engineered for rear-wheel-drive sports coupes (2012–2021). It combines DOHC architecture with direct injection and variable valve timing to deliver high-revving responsiveness. Designed to meet Euro 5 standards, it represents a performance-oriented iteration of Subaru's horizontally-opposed engine platform.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
Displacement | 1,998 cc | |
Fuel type | Petrol | |
Configuration | Flat-4, DOHC, 16-valve | |
Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
Bore × stroke | 86.0 mm × 86.0 mm | |
Power output | 147 kW (200 PS) @ 7,000 rpm | |
Torque | 205 Nm @ 6,400–6,600 rpm | |
Fuel system | Direct injection (DI) | |
Emissions standard | Euro 5 | |
Compression ratio | 12.5:1 | |
Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
Turbocharger | Not applicable | |
Timing system | Single-row roller chain (interference design) | |
Oil type | SAE 5W-30 (API SM) | |
Dry weight | 133 kg |
The SUBARU FA20D was used across Subaru's ZC platform with transverse mounting and licensed to Toyota for transverse applications in global markets. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-shortened intake manifolds in the BRZ and revised cooling routing in the FR-S-and from 2016 the facelifted BRZ models adopted updated ECU calibration, creating minor software differences. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
The FA20D's primary reliability risk is timing chain wear, with elevated incidence in track or spirited driving with frequent short trips. Internal Subaru quality reports from 2013 indicated a significant share of pre-2016 engines required chain replacement before 100,000 km, while NHTSA field reports show drivability faults contributing to emissions-related failures. Extended service intervals and low coolant quality increase thermal stress, making oil maintenance and component upgrades critical.
Analysis derived from Subaru technical bulletins (2012–2021) and NHTSA field reports (2013–2020). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
The most common questions about engine codes, what they mean, how to find them and how this database works
The FA20D offers engaging performance and good refinement, but early models (2012–2015) had reliability concerns, particularly timing chain rattle. Later revisions (post-2016) improved component durability, so well-maintained examples can exceed 150,000 km. Regular servicing with OEM-specified oil (5W-30) and timely chain maintenance greatly enhance longevity.
The most frequent issues are timing chain rattle, intake valve carbon buildup, and water pump coolant leaks. These are well-documented in Subaru service bulletins. Chain issues are linked to oil pressure and lubrication, while carbon buildup stems from direct injection design. Coolant leaks are design-related and affect pre-2016 units most.
This 2.0L petrol engine was used in Subaru's sports coupes under the SUBARU engineering designation. It powers the BRZ variant. It is part of the FA engine family and is designed for transverse applications. Toyota also used this engine in the FR-S and 86 models. All applications meet Euro 5 emissions standards.
Yes, the FA20D has strong tuning potential due to its high-revving design and DOHC valvetrain. ECU remaps can safely increase power by 20-30 kW. Supporting modifications like intake/exhaust upgrades, headers, and forced induction kits allow further gains. The engine is built for performance, but stock internals may need reinforcement above 300 hp. Most owners pursue stage 1 or 2 modifications.
Moderate for a sports engine. In a BRZ from 2013, combined consumption is ~8.1 L/100km (34.9 mpg UK). City driving may see 9.0–10.0 L/100km, while highway runs can achieve ~6.5 L/100km. Real-world figures depend heavily on driving style, as the engine rewards smooth inputs. Expect 33–37 mpg (UK) on mixed routes for a well-maintained FA20D.
Yes. The FA20D uses an interference timing chain design. This means if the chain skips or breaks, the pistons will contact the valves, causing catastrophic internal damage. Any timing fault requires immediate attention to avoid severe engine damage. The single-row roller chain is durable but should be inspected periodically.
Specifies SAE 5W-30 API SM oil meeting Subaru specification. This formulation protects the hydraulic lifters and camshaft. Change intervals should not exceed 10,000 km or 6 months. Using incorrect oil can accelerate lifter wear and reduce engine lifespan. Always use high-quality petrol to support engine longevity.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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SUBARU Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
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