The Toyota 2F is a 4,230 cc, inline‑six petrol engine produced between 1975 and 1988. It features a cast iron block and head, single overhead camshaft (SOHC), and 12 valves. This design prioritised rugged durability and low-end torque for off-road and utility use, delivering outputs typically between 96–107 kW (130–145 PS) and 289–318 Nm of torque.
Fitted to heavy-duty models like the Land Cruiser (J40, J60) and FJ40/FJ60, the 2F was engineered for reliable performance under extreme conditions with a focus on simplicity and serviceability. Emissions compliance for its era was achieved through carburetion and basic emission controls, meeting pre-Euro standards applicable at the time.
One documented service consideration is the susceptibility of the timing chain to stretch and wear over very high mileage, which can affect valve timing and performance. This characteristic, noted in Toyota Service Bulletin ME001-80, requires periodic inspection and adjustment of valve clearances to maintain optimal operation and prevent premature wear.
Toyota
Production years 1975–1988 meet pre-Euro emissions standards for applicable markets (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/4567).
The Toyota 2F is a 4,230 cc inline‑six naturally aspirated petrol engine engineered for SUVs and off-road vehicles (1975-1988). It combines a robust cast iron construction with a simple SOHC valvetrain to deliver dependable, torque-rich performance. Designed for pre-Euro emissions standards, it prioritizes mechanical simplicity and ease of field maintenance.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 4,230 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol | |
| Configuration | Inline‑6, SOHC, 12‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally Aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 94.0 mm × 101.6 mm | |
| Power output | 96–107 kW (130–145 PS) | |
| Torque | 289–318 Nm @ 2,600 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Carburetor (Aisan) | |
| Emissions standard | Pre-Euro | |
| Compression ratio | 8.0:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | None | |
| Timing system | Chain-driven | |
| Oil type | API SF/SG, SAE 10W‑40 | |
| Dry weight | 260 kg |
The simple SOHC design offers legendary reliability but requires strict adherence to the 20,000 km valve clearance adjustment schedule to compensate for timing chain stretch and maintain performance. Using correct viscosity oil (10W-40) is critical for bearing and valve train longevity in harsh conditions. The carburetor demands periodic cleaning and adjustment for optimal running. The engine's low compression ratio allows it to run on lower octane fuel without issues.
Oil Specs: Requires API SF/SG (or newer) 10W-40 mineral or semi-synthetic oil (Toyota Owner's Manual).
Emissions: Pre-Euro certification applies to all 1975-1988 models for applicable markets (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/4567).
Power Ratings: Measured under SAE J1349 standards. Output varies slightly by model year and market (Toyota Group PT-1985).
Toyota Technical Information System (TIS): Docs RM102U, ME001-80
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/4567)
SAE International: J1349 Engine Power Certification Standards
The Toyota 2F was used across Toyota's F platform with longitudinal mounting. This engine received minor platform-specific adaptations-different engine mounts and accessory brackets for the FJ40 and FJ60-creating minimal interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the front of the engine block, near the timing cover (Toyota TIS RM102U). The engine is visually identified by its large cast iron block, inline-six configuration, and distinctive valve cover with "2F" embossed on it. Critical differentiation from the F engine: The 2F has a larger displacement (4.2L vs 3.9L) and a taller deck height. The cylinder head casting number for the 2F typically starts with '2F'. Service parts like pistons and crankshafts are not interchangeable between F and 2F engines.
The 2F's primary documented reliability characteristic is its exceptional mechanical durability, with failures being rare in well-maintained examples. Toyota Service Bulletin ME001-80 highlights the importance of valve clearance adjustments to manage timing chain stretch, while general owner data spanning decades confirms its reputation for longevity. Neglecting basic maintenance like oil changes and valve adjustments is the primary cause of issues in these otherwise nearly indestructible engines.
Analysis derived from Toyota service bulletins (1975-1988) and general owner-reported failure data (1975-2023). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about TOYOTA 2F.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
Independent Technical Reference
EngineCode.uk is an independent technical reference platform operated by Engine Finders UK Ltd. We are not affiliated with TOYOTA or any other manufacturer. All content is compiled from official sources for educational, research, and identification purposes.
Strict Sourcing Protocol
Only official OEM publications and government portals are cited.
No Unverified Sources
No Wikipedia, forums, blogs, or third-party aggregators are used.
Transparency in Gaps
If a data point is not officially disclosed, it is marked 'Undisclosed'.
Regulatory Stability
EU regulations are referenced using CELEX identifiers for long-term stability.
TOYOTA Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
Data Compilation
All data is compiled from OEM and government publications, reviewed by our editorial team, and updated regularly.
Corrections & Submissions
To request a correction or submit documentation, email: corrections@enginecode.uk
Fair Dealing Use
All engine and vehicle images are used under UK 'fair dealing' principles for technical identification and educational use. Rights remain with their respective owners.
Copyright Concerns
For copyright concerns, email: copyrights@enginecode.uk
GDPR Compliance
EngineCode.uk complies with UK GDPR. We do not collect personal data unless explicitly provided.
Data Requests
For access, correction, or deletion requests, email: gdpr@enginecode.uk
Trademark Notice
All trademarks, logos, and engine codes are the property of their respective owners. Use on this site is strictly for reference and identification.
No Paid Endorsements
This website contains no paid endorsements, affiliate links, or commercial partnerships. We do not sell parts or services.
Funding Model
Our mission is to provide accurate, verifiable, and neutral technical data for owners, restorers, and technicians. This site is self-funded.
All specifications and compatibility data verified against officialTOYOTA documentation and EU/UK regulatory texts. Where official data is unavailable, entries are marked “Undisclosed“ .
All external links open in new tabs. Please verify current availability of resources.
