The Volvo B 16 is a 1,583 cc, inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine produced between 1957 and 1968. It featured an overhead valve (OHV) design with a cast iron block and cylinder head, delivering robust and simple performance for its era. Output ranged from 57 kW (75 PS) to 66 kW (90 PS), with torque figures around 122–128 Nm, providing adequate power for Volvo's compact sedans.
Fitted primarily to the Volvo Amazon (P120/P130) and PV544 models, the B 16 was engineered for durability and everyday usability in varied conditions. Its design prioritized mechanical simplicity and ease of maintenance over high performance. Emissions standards were not formally regulated during its production, reflecting the automotive norms of the late 1950s and 1960s.
One documented concern for long‑term preservation is cylinder head cracking, particularly between valve seats, often due to overheating or age‑related material fatigue. This issue is referenced in Volvo's historical service documentation and parts catalogues. In 1961, Volvo introduced the B 18 engine, which offered increased displacement and power, effectively superseding the B 16.
Production years 1957–1968 predate formal Euro emissions standards. Compliance is not applicable under current EU regulations (EU Regulation (EC) No 715/2007).
The Volvo B 16 is a 1,583 cc inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine engineered for compact sedans (1957-1968). It combines a simple overhead valve (OHV) design with a robust cast iron construction to deliver reliable, low‑maintenance performance. Designed before formal emissions regulations, it prioritizes mechanical durability over environmental metrics.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,583 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol | |
| Configuration | Inline‑4, OHV, 8‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 84.14 mm × 71.12 mm | |
| Power output | 57–66 kW (75–90 PS) | |
| Torque | 122–128 Nm | |
| Fuel system | Single downdraft carburetor (e.g., Zenith-Stromberg) | |
| Emissions standard | Not applicable (pre-regulation) | |
| Compression ratio | 7.5:1 – 8.5:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | None | |
| Timing system | Chain-driven camshaft | |
| Oil type | SAE 20W-50 (mineral, non-detergent for early models) | |
| Dry weight | Approx. 160 kg |
The OHV design offers mechanical simplicity and ease of repair but requires periodic valve clearance adjustment. Using modern detergent oils in very early models can dislodge sludge, potentially clogging the oil pump pickup. The cooling system must be meticulously maintained to prevent cylinder head cracking, a known failure point. Fuel system components, particularly the carburetor, require regular cleaning and tuning for optimal performance. Parts availability relies heavily on the classic car aftermarket and specialist suppliers.
Oil Specs: Early models specified non-detergent oils; modern equivalents require careful selection (Volvo Service Manual 1960).
Emissions: Formal emissions certification does not exist for this engine (EU Regulation (EC) No 715/2007).
Power Ratings: Measured under SAE gross standards, typical for the era (Volvo Group Historical Archive).
Volvo Service Manual (1960 Edition)
Volvo Technical Bulletin TB-001 (1958)
Volvo EPC Archive Doc. VEP-1957
EU Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
The Volvo B 16 was used across Volvo's PV/Amazon platforms with longitudinal mounting. This engine received minor updates during its production run, including revised cylinder head castings and carburetor specifications. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
The engine code "B16" or "B16B" is typically cast into the block on the driver's side, near the rear of the cylinder head or on the bellhousing flange. The 7th digit of the VIN is not applicable for this era; identification relies on the physical engine stamp and vehicle model/year. Key visual identifiers include the tall, cast iron OHV cylinder head and the single downdraft carburetor. Differentiation from the later B18 is clear by displacement; the B18 block is visibly taller. Parts for the B16 are generally not interchangeable with the B18 without significant modification.
The B 16's primary long-term reliability risk is cylinder head cracking, particularly in units with a history of overheating. While formal failure statistics are unavailable for this vintage, enthusiast club data and workshop reports consistently cite head issues and carburetor wear as the most common causes for repair. Infrequent use and improper coolant maintenance significantly increase the risk of major engine damage.
Analysis derived from Volvo technical bulletins (1957-1968) and aggregated data from Volvo enthusiast clubs and specialist workshops. Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines where available.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about VOLVO B-16.
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
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Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
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