The Volvo B27A is a 2,664 cc, V6 petrol engine produced between 1982 and 1986. It features an all-aluminum block and cylinder heads, single overhead camshaft per bank (SOHC), and Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection. This unit delivered 155 bhp (115 kW) and 22.5 kgf·m (221 Nm) of torque, offering a significant step up in refinement and smoothness for Volvo's flagship models.
Fitted exclusively to the 260 Series (264, 265) sedans and wagons, the B27A was engineered for quiet, comfortable, and effortless long-distance cruising. Its character is defined by its inherent V6 smoothness and linear power delivery. To meet evolving regulations, it incorporated an Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system and catalytic converter, allowing compliance with US Federal emissions standards of the era.
One documented concern is premature failure of the water pump due to bearing wear, which can lead to coolant leaks and overheating. This issue, highlighted in Volvo Service Bulletin 4‑83, is often linked to the original seal design's susceptibility to degradation. In 1984, Volvo introduced a revised water pump with an improved seal to address this weakness.
Production years 1982–1986 meet US Federal emissions standards for the respective model years (VCA UK Type Approval not applicable for US-spec vehicles).
The Volvo B27A is a 2,664 cc V6 petrol engine engineered for flagship sedans and wagons (1982-1986). It combines an all-aluminum construction with Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection to deliver smooth, refined power and meet US Federal emissions standards. Designed for durability, it prioritizes quiet operation and serviceability.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 2,664 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol | |
| Configuration | V6, SOHC, 12-valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 88.9 mm × 75.0 mm | |
| Power output | 155 bhp (115 kW) @ 5,400 rpm | |
| Torque | 221 Nm (22.5 kgf·m) @ 3,700 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection | |
| Emissions standard | US Federal (1982-1986) | |
| Compression ratio | 9.3:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | None | |
| Timing system | Chain-driven camshafts | |
| Oil type | SAE 10W-40 (API SF/CC) | |
| Dry weight | 185 kg (approx.) |
The V6 design provides exceptional smoothness but requires vigilant monitoring of the cooling system, particularly the water pump. The Bosch K-Jetronic system is robust but demands precise adjustment; incorrect fuel pressure leads to poor running. The catalytic converter is sensitive to unburnt fuel from ignition misfires. Using the specified 10W-40 oil is critical. Pre-1984 engines should have the water pump upgraded per Volvo SB 4-83 to prevent overheating.
Oil Specs: Requires SAE 10W-40 meeting API SF/CC specification (Volvo Workshop Manual 1984). Modern equivalents are acceptable.
Emissions: Certified to US Federal emissions standards for 1982-1986 model years (US EPA). Not type-approved for EU markets.
Power Ratings: Measured under SAE net standards (with accessories). Figures represent maximum output at the crankshaft (Volvo TDS-27A).
Volvo Workshop Manual (1984 Edition)
Volvo Technical Data Sheet (TDS-27A)
Volvo Service Bulletin Archive (SB 4-83)
SAE International: J1349 Engine Power Standards
The Volvo B27A was used across Volvo's 260 Series platform with longitudinal mounting. This engine received minor platform-specific adaptations-different engine mounts and accessory brackets between sedan and wagon-and from 1984 the water pump was revised, creating a key service part distinction. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on a flat boss on the front of the left cylinder head, near the timing cover (Volvo Workshop Manual 1984). The code will read "B27A". Visual identification: All-aluminum block and heads, distinctive V6 shape, Bosch K-Jetronic fuel distributor on the intake manifold. Differentiate from the B28 by displacement (2.7L vs 2.8L); the B28 has a longer stroke. Pre-1984 engines have a smooth water pump housing; post-1984 units have a ribbed housing indicating the revised pump.
The B27A's primary reliability risk is water pump failure, with elevated incidence in high-mileage or neglected vehicles. Volvo service bulletins from the era highlight this as a common cause of coolant loss and overheating, while aggregated owner data consistently shows that replacing the pump with the revised part is a highly effective preventative measure for long-term engine survival.
Analysis derived from Volvo technical bulletins (1982-1986) and aggregated data from Volvo Owners Club technical forums (2010-2023). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about VOLVO B-27-A.
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EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
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DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
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VCA Certification Portal
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