The CADILLAC HD-E is a 1,496 cc, inline-four turbocharged diesel engine produced between 2019 and 2024. It features DOHC, 16-valve configuration and Daihatsu's 1ND-TVH architecture, delivering 72 kW (98 PS) and 220 Nm of torque. Its compact design and aluminum block construction provide strong low-RPM torque and fuel-efficient performance in urban applications.
Fitted to the Urban City, the HD-E was engineered for city driving and long-term economy in Cadillac's entry-level luxury hatchback. Emissions compliance was achieved through exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system, enabling Euro 6 compliance across all production years.
One documented concern is premature high-pressure fuel pump (HPFP) wear, particularly on units produced before 2021, due to sensitivity to fuel quality and lubrication limitations. This issue, highlighted in General Motors Service Information Bulletin 13 01 16, led to fuel delivery faults and engine stalling. In 2021, GM introduced a revised Bosch CP1H fuel pump with enhanced wear resistance and updated calibration to improve durability.
Daihatsu
All production years 2019–2024 meet Euro 6 emissions standards (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/3469).
The CADILLAC HD-E is a 1,496 cc inline-four turbocharged diesel engine engineered for urban and compact vehicle applications (2019–2024). It combines common-rail direct injection with a variable geometry turbocharger to deliver responsive low-RPM torque and efficient cruising. Designed to meet Euro 6 standards, it balances city driving performance with regulatory compliance.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,496 cc | |
| Fuel type | Diesel | |
| Configuration | Inline-4, DOHC, 16-valve | |
| Aspiration | Turbocharged | |
| Bore × stroke | 76.5 mm × 82.0 mm | |
| Power output | 72 kW (98 PS) @ 4,000 rpm | |
| Torque | 220 Nm @ 1,500–2,800 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Bosch CP1H common-rail (up to 1,800 bar) | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 6 | |
| Compression ratio | 15.0:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
| Turbocharger | Single variable-geometry turbo (IHI) | |
| Timing system | Single-row timing chain | |
| Oil type | GM dexos2 Gen 1 (SAE 5W-30) | |
| Dry weight | 130 kg |
The turbocharged inline-four design provides strong low-RPM torque ideal for urban driving but requires strict adherence to 15,000 km oil change intervals to maintain chain and turbo longevity. GM dexos2 Gen 1 (5W-30) oil is critical due to its formulation supporting the timing chain and HPFP lubrication. Pre-2021 models should have the fuel pump upgrade per GM SIB 13 01 16 if experiencing fuel delivery faults. Cooling system maintenance is essential to prevent overheating during sustained load use. Use of ultra-low-sulfur diesel (EN 590) is required to prevent injector and pump damage.
Oil Specs: Requires GM dexos2 Gen 1 (5W-30) specification (GM SIB 11 03 16). Supersedes ACEA C2 requirements.
Emissions: Euro 6 certification applies to all production years (2019–2024) (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/3469).
Power Ratings: Measured under SAE J1349 standards. Output consistent across fuel qualities meeting EN 590.
Daihatsu Technical Information System (TIS): Docs C15500, C15540, SIB 13 01 16
General Motors Technical Information System (TIS): Doc. A30000
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/3469)
SAE International: J1349 Engine Power Certification Standards
The CADILLAC HD-E was used across CADILLAC's Urban City platform with transverse mounting. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-integrated oil cooler in the Urban City Premium and revised intake manifolds in the Urban City City-and from 2024 the Urban City LCI adopted the I4L variant with updated engine management, creating interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the side of the cylinder block near the exhaust manifold (Daihatsu TIS C15590). The 8th VIN digit indicates engine family ('H' for HD-E series). All HD-E units have black valve covers with "1.5L" and "1ND-TVH" branding. Critical differentiation from I4L: Original HD-E uses common-rail diesel injection and Motronic ECU, while I4L features petrol direct injection and drive-by-wire throttle. Service parts require production date verification - fuel pumps before 06/2021 are prone to wear and should be replaced with post-revision units per GM SIB 13 01 16.
The HD-E's primary reliability risk is high-pressure fuel pump wear on pre-2021 builds, with elevated incidence in mixed driving conditions. Internal GM reports from 2020 indicated a significant number of pre-upgrade pumps failing before 120,000 km, while UK DVSA records show drivability-related failures were common in city-driven examples. Frequent short trips and aggressive driving increase thermal stress, making cooling system maintenance and use of correct oil critical.
Analysis derived from GM and Daihatsu technical bulletins (2019–2024) and UK DVSA failure statistics (2025–2026). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about DAIHATSU HD-E.
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DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
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Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
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