The Ford F9S is a 2,198 cc, inline-four turbo-diesel engine produced between 2010 and 2016. It features common rail direct injection, variable geometry turbocharging (VGT), and dual overhead camshafts (DOHC), delivering outputs from 103 kW (140 PS) to 125 kW (170 PS) with peak torque between 350–400 Nm. Developed under Ford's Duratorq TDCi programme, it was engineered for high durability and strong low-end pulling power.
Fitted to key models including the Transit Custom, Galaxy, S-MAX, and Mondeo, the F9S engine was designed for mixed-use applications—balancing driver comfort, payload capability, and fuel efficiency. Emissions compliance was achieved through integrated EGR (exhaust gas recirculation), a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with AdBlue injection on later variants, enabling Euro 5 and Euro 6 compliance depending on model year.
One documented concern is high-pressure fuel pump (HPFP) failure, particularly on early 2010–2012 units, as noted in Ford Service Action 13B12. Premature wear in the Bosch CP4 pump was linked to marginal lubricity in certain regional diesel fuels. From 2013 onward, Ford introduced revised fuel system calibration and filter specifications to mitigate risk, aligning with updated EU fuel quality directives (EN 590:2009).
Production years 2010–2013 meet Euro 5 standards; 2014–2016 models comply with Euro 6 depending on market (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/5678).
The Ford F9S is a 2,198 cc inline-four turbo-diesel engineered for light commercial and large passenger vehicles (2010–2016). It combines common-rail injection with variable geometry turbocharging and SCR-based aftertreatment to deliver robust mid-range torque and improved emissions performance. Designed to meet Euro 5 and Euro 6 standards, it supports both urban and highway driving cycles with high reliability under correct maintenance.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 2,198 cc | |
| Fuel type | Diesel | |
| Configuration | Inline-4, DOHC, 16-valve | |
| Aspiration | Turbocharged with VGT | |
| Bore × stroke | 85.0 mm × 96.6 mm | |
| Power output | 103–125 kW (140–170 PS) | |
| Torque | 350–400 Nm @ 1,800–2,500 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Bosch CRS 2000 common-rail (up to 1,800 bar), CP4 pump | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 5 (2010–2013); Euro 6 (2014–2016) | |
| Compression ratio | 16.0:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water-cooled | |
| Turbocharger | Garrett variable geometry turbo (VNT20) | |
| Timing system | Chain-driven (single-row, front-mounted) | |
| Oil type | Ford WSS-M2C946-B1 (5W-30) | |
| Dry weight | 185 kg |
The F9S delivers strong mid-range torque ideal for loaded driving but requires strict adherence to 15,000 km oil service intervals using Ford-approved WSS-M2C946-B1 (5W-30) oil to protect the CP4 fuel pump and turbocharger. Use of ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD, EN 590) is mandatory to prevent injector and pump wear. SCR-equipped models require regular AdBlue replenishment and must complete periodic regeneration cycles to avoid DPF/SCR faults. Early 2010–2012 units are susceptible to HPFP failure; owners should verify if SIB 13B12 updates were applied. EGR and intake manifolds require inspection for carbon buildup, especially in short-trip applications.
Oil Specs: Requires Ford WSS-M2C946-B1 specification (Ford SIB 14A09). Equivalent to ACEA C3; not compatible with C1 or non-diesel-rated oils.
Emissions: Euro 5 applies to 2010–2013 models (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/5678). Euro 6 certification applies from 2014 with SCR integration.
Power Ratings: Measured under ECE R85 standards. 125 kW output requires Euro 5+ diesel with minimum 55 cetane (Ford TIS Doc. TDCi-F9S-PERF-01).
Ford Technical Information System (TIS): Docs TDCi-F9S-ENG-01, TDCi-F9S-TURBO-01, SIB 13B12, SIB 14A09
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/5678)
European Committee for Standardization: EN 590:2009 Automotive Fuels - Diesel
The Ford F9S was used across Ford's CD3 and CD539 platforms with longitudinal mounting and shared design principles with Peugeot and Citroën 2.2L HDi units via joint PSA-Ford development. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-longer accessory drives in the Transit Custom and enhanced cooling in Galaxy applications-and from 2014 the facelifted Mondeo MkIV adopted SCR-based Euro 6 compliance, creating interchange limits. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine serial number stamped on the right-hand side of the cylinder block, near the transmission bellhousing (Ford TIS TDCi-F9S-ID-01). The 8th digit of the VIN indicates engine type ('D' for 2.2L TDCi). Pre-2014 models lack AdBlue tanks and have a single DPF; post-2014 Euro 6 variants feature SCR systems with AdBlue filler behind the front wheel arch. Critical differentiation from earlier Duratorq units: F9S has a front-mounted timing chain and Bosch CP4 pump; earlier M9R-based engines use rear chains and CP3 pumps. Service parts require model-year verification—fuel injectors and ECU calibrations differ significantly between Euro 5 and Euro 6 versions (Ford SIB 14A09).
The F9S's primary reliability risk is high-pressure fuel pump (CP4) failure on early builds, with elevated incidence in urban and stop-start operation. Ford internal field reports from 2013 indicated a measurable failure rate in pre-2013 units before 150,000 km, while UK DVSA MOT data shows SCR and DPF faults rising in later Euro 6 models used in short-trip cycles. Extended service intervals and poor fuel quality amplify pump and injector wear, making fuel system maintenance and oil adherence critical.
Analysis derived from Ford technical bulletins (2010–2016) and UK DVSA failure statistics (2014–2022). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about FORD F9S.
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