The Mazda FS2C is a 1,999 cc, inline‑four petrol engine produced between 2000 and 2007. It features an aluminium block and head, DOHC 16‑valve layout, and sequential multi‑port fuel injection. This design prioritised a balance of performance, refinement, and fuel efficiency for its era.
Fitted to models such as the 626 (GF platform), MX-5 (NB2), and MazdaSpeed Protegé, the FS2C was engineered for responsive, sporty driving character. Emissions compliance for its era was achieved through advanced engine management and catalytic converters, meeting Euro 3 and equivalent standards.
One documented concern is premature failure of the variable intake manifold (VRIS) actuator motors, which can cause loss of mid-range torque or trigger a check engine light. This issue, referenced in Mazda service documentation for the GF626, is often attributed to electrical wear. Later FS variants saw revisions to this system.
Mazda
Production years 2000–2007 meet applicable emissions standards for their respective markets and model years (UK VCA Type Approval records for period).
The Mazda FS2C is a 1,999 cc inline‑four petrol engine engineered for sporty compact and mid-size models (2000-2007). It combines sequential multi-point fuel injection with a DOHC valvetrain to deliver a broad, responsive powerband. Designed to meet Euro 3 (and some market-specific Euro 4) standards, it balances spirited performance with reasonable economy.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,999 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol | |
| Configuration | Inline‑4, DOHC, 16‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 86.0 mm × 86.0 mm | |
| Power output | 92–105 kW (125–143 PS) | |
| Torque | 178–184 Nm @ 4,500 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Sequential multi-point fuel injection (SFI) | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 3 (pre‑2005); Euro 4 depending on market | |
| Compression ratio | 9.7:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | None | |
| Timing system | Belt-driven camshafts | |
| Oil type | SAE 5W-30 or 10W-30 (API SJ/SL) | |
| Dry weight | Not specified in available OEM documentation |
The DOHC design offers good performance but requires strict adherence to the 90,000 km timing belt replacement interval to prevent catastrophic interference engine damage. The VRIS system enhances mid-range torque but its actuators are a known failure point; listen for a lack of the characteristic "thunk" at 3,750 rpm. Using high-quality fuel and changing the fuel filter regularly helps maintain injector performance. Ignition coils can fail with age; symptoms include misfires under load.
Oil Specs: Requires API SJ/SL or equivalent specification (Mazda Owner's Manual GF626). Modern SM/SN oils are generally backward compatible.
Emissions: Certification applies to specific model years and markets per historical VCA/US EPA records. Standards varied significantly globally.
Power Ratings: Measured under manufacturer's internal standards of the period. Output varies slightly by model application and market (Mazda GSA).
Mazda Workshop Manual: GF626 (2000-2002)
Mazda Electronic Parts Catalogue (EPC): FS Engine Group
Mazda Global Specifications Archive (GSA): FS Series Engine Data
UK Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) Historical Type Approval Database
The Mazda FS2C was used across Mazda's GF/NB platforms with longitudinal mounting. This engine received minor ECU and accessory drive adaptations between the 626 sedan and MX-5 roadster, creating minor parts variations. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the flat machined surface at the front of the cylinder block, near the timing cover (Mazda Workshop Manual GF626). The code will read "FS" followed by a letter (e.g., "FS-DE"). Critical differentiation from later FS-DE: FS2C typically has a black plastic intake manifold with visible VRIS flaps. The Ford Escort uses the same engine; identification is identical. Service parts for the VRIS actuators are specific to early FS engines.
The FS2C's primary reliability risk is VRIS actuator failure, with elevated incidence in high-mileage engines. While not tracked by modern government agencies, workshop data indicates it is a frequent cause of drivability complaints for this generation. Neglecting the timing belt service or using incorrect oil can lead to catastrophic engine failure.
Analysis derived from Mazda workshop manuals (2000-2007) and aggregated independent workshop failure reports. Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about MAZDA FS2C.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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MAZDA Official Site
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EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
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