The Toyota 1HD-FT is a 4,164 cc, inline‑six turbo‑diesel engine produced between 1995 and 2007. It features a cast iron block and head, with a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) and 24 valves, prioritizing durability and high torque for heavy-duty applications. Output is rated at 131 kW (179 PS) and 382 Nm of torque, designed for reliable performance in demanding off-road and towing conditions.
Fitted to the Land Cruiser (HDJ80, HDJ100) and Coaster bus, the 1HD-FT was engineered for global markets requiring robust, long-lasting powertrains. Emissions compliance for its era was managed through mechanical direct injection and a wastegate turbocharger, meeting Japanese Heisei 7 standards without complex electronic after-treatment.
One documented service consideration is potential cracking of the cylinder head, particularly in engines subjected to sustained high loads or overheating. This issue, addressed in Toyota Technical Service Bulletin TSB-98-04, led to revised casting specifications and updated head gasket designs in later production.
Production years 1995–2007 meet Japanese Heisei 7 emissions standards (Japan Ministry of Transport Type Approval).
The Toyota 1HD-FT is a 4,164 cc inline‑six turbo‑diesel engineered for heavy-duty SUVs and commercial vehicles (1995-2007). It combines a robust cast iron construction with a simple SOHC valvetrain to deliver exceptional low-end torque and legendary off-road durability. Designed to meet contemporary Japanese emissions standards, it emphasizes serviceability and longevity under extreme conditions.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 4,164 cc | |
| Fuel type | Diesel | |
| Configuration | Inline‑6, SOHC, 24‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Turbocharged (wastegate) | |
| Bore × stroke | 94.0 mm × 100.0 mm | |
| Power output | 131 kW (179 PS) | |
| Torque | 382 Nm @ 1,800 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Mechanical direct injection (Denso) | |
| Emissions standard | Japanese Heisei 7 | |
| Compression ratio | 18.8:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | Single wastegate turbo (CT26) | |
| Timing system | Gear-driven | |
| Oil type | SAE 15W-40 (Mineral) | |
| Dry weight | 320 kg |
The gear-driven timing system offers exceptional durability and eliminates chain/belt maintenance. The high compression ratio and mechanical injection demand strict adherence to oil change intervals (every 10,000 km) and the use of high-quality diesel to prevent injector wear. The cylinder head is susceptible to cracking under extreme thermal stress; ensuring the cooling system is always in perfect condition is paramount. Valve clearances require manual adjustment every 40,000 km.
Oil Specs: Requires SAE 15W-40 mineral oil specification (Toyota Workshop Manual RM256E). API CD or higher is suitable for heavy-duty use.
Emissions: Certified under Japanese Heisei 7 standards for all production years (Japan Ministry of Transport).
Power Ratings: Measured under JIS D 1001 standards. Output is consistent across all applications (Toyota Group PT-2000).
Toyota Workshop Manual (RM256E)
Toyota Electronic Parts Catalogue (EPC)
Toyota Technical Service Bulletin (TSB-98-04)
Japan Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) Type Approval Database
The Toyota 1HD-FT was used across Toyota's HDJ platforms with longitudinal mounting. This engine received a significant running change in 1998 with the introduction of a revised cylinder head casting and updated head gasket to address cracking concerns, creating a clear parts break. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the flat pad at the front of the engine block, just below the cylinder head on the exhaust manifold side (Toyota Workshop Manual RM256E). The 1HD-FT is distinguished from the 1HD-FTE by its mechanical (non-electronic) fuel injection pump and lack of an intercooler. Critical differentiation: Pre-1998 engines (HDJ80) use the original cylinder head design, while post-1998 engines (HDJ100) use the revised, reinforced head. Always verify part numbers, especially for head gaskets and cylinder heads, using the EPC.
The 1HD-FT's primary reliability consideration is cylinder head cracking, with elevated incidence in engines subjected to overheating or sustained high loads. Toyota service data indicates this was a significant service item for early production, while owner reports frequently cite injection pump and turbocharger wear in high-mileage examples. Ensuring perfect cooling system function and using quality fuel are critical preventative measures.
Analysis derived from Toyota technical bulletins (1995-2007) and owner workshop manual data. Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about TOYOTA 1HD-FT.
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