The Toyota 1S-L is a 1,832 cc, inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine produced between 1980 and 1989. It features a cast iron block, aluminium head, and a single overhead camshaft (SOHC) with 8 valves, prioritizing simplicity and fuel efficiency. Output is rated at 63 kW (86 PS) and 142 Nm of torque, designed for reliable, economical performance in compact family vehicles.
Fitted to models such as the Celica (SA6x), Carina (SA6x), and Corona (ST14x), the 1S-L was engineered for global markets requiring a durable, low-maintenance powertrain for everyday commuting and light touring. Emissions compliance for its era was managed through a simple carburettor and combustion design, meeting Japanese Showa 55 standards.
One documented service consideration is premature wear of the timing chain tensioner and guides, particularly in high-mileage or infrequently serviced examples. This issue, noted in Toyota Technical Service Bulletin TSB-83-07, can lead to chain slack and potential valve timing inaccuracies. Toyota addressed this in later 1S variants with revised tensioner designs.
Production years 1980–1989 meet Japanese Showa 55 emissions standards (Japan Ministry of Transport Type Approval).
The Toyota 1S-L is a 1,832 cc inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engineered for compact and mid‑size models (1980-1989). It combines a robust cast iron block with a simple SOHC valvetrain to deliver reliable, low‑maintenance performance. Designed to meet contemporary Japanese emissions standards, it prioritizes durability and ease of service.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,832 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol | |
| Configuration | Inline‑4, SOHC, 8‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 80.5 mm × 90.0 mm | |
| Power output | 63 kW (86 PS) | |
| Torque | 142 Nm @ 3,600 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Single downdraft carburettor (Aisan) | |
| Emissions standard | Japanese Showa 55 | |
| Compression ratio | 9.0:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | None | |
| Timing system | Chain (prone to tensioner wear) | |
| Oil type | SAE 10W-40 (Mineral or Semi-Synthetic) | |
| Dry weight | 140 kg |
The simple SOHC design offers excellent reliability but requires periodic valve clearance adjustment every 20,000 km. The timing chain tensioner is a known wear item; inspecting and replacing it preventatively (per TSB-83-07) avoids costly timing issues. Using a quality 10W-40 mineral or semi-synthetic oil is recommended. The carburettor demands periodic cleaning and synchronization for optimal performance and fuel economy.
Oil Specs: Requires SAE 10W-40 specification (Toyota Workshop Manual RM134E). Modern semi-synthetics meeting API SF/CC are suitable.
Emissions: Japanese Showa 55 certification applies to all production years (Japan Ministry of Transport).
Power Ratings: Measured under JIS D 1001 standards. Output is consistent across all applications (Toyota Group PT-1985).
Toyota Workshop Manual (RM134E)
Toyota Electronic Parts Catalogue (EPC)
Toyota Technical Service Bulletin (TSB-83-07)
Japan Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT) Type Approval Database
The Toyota 1S-L was used across Toyota's SA/ST platforms with longitudinal mounting. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-different exhaust manifolds for the Celica versus the Corona-and minor running changes to the cylinder head, creating potential parts variations. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the flat pad at the front of the engine block, just below the cylinder head on the exhaust manifold side (Toyota Workshop Manual RM134E). The 1S-L is distinguished from the 2S by its smaller bore and from the 3S by its 8-valve head. Critical differentiation: 1S-L uses a single-barrel carburettor and has specific emissions plumbing. Service parts like the cylinder head and timing chain tensioner may not be interchangeable across all production years due to running changes (Toyota TSB-83-07).
The 1S-L's primary reliability risk is timing chain tensioner wear, with elevated incidence in high-mileage or poorly maintained examples. Toyota service data indicates this was a common service item, while owner reports frequently cite carburetor and emissions system issues. Infrequent oil changes and neglecting valve adjustments can accelerate wear, making preventative maintenance critical.
Analysis derived from Toyota technical bulletins (1980-1989) and owner workshop manual data. Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about TOYOTA 1S-L.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
Independent Technical Reference
EngineCode.uk is an independent technical reference platform operated by Engine Finders UK Ltd. We are not affiliated with TOYOTA or any other manufacturer. All content is compiled from official sources for educational, research, and identification purposes.
Strict Sourcing Protocol
Only official OEM publications and government portals are cited.
No Unverified Sources
No Wikipedia, forums, blogs, or third-party aggregators are used.
Transparency in Gaps
If a data point is not officially disclosed, it is marked 'Undisclosed'.
Regulatory Stability
EU regulations are referenced using CELEX identifiers for long-term stability.
TOYOTA Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
Type-approval guidance and documentation.
Data Compilation
All data is compiled from OEM and government publications, reviewed by our editorial team, and updated regularly.
Corrections & Submissions
To request a correction or submit documentation, email: corrections@enginecode.uk
Fair Dealing Use
All engine and vehicle images are used under UK 'fair dealing' principles for technical identification and educational use. Rights remain with their respective owners.
Copyright Concerns
For copyright concerns, email: copyrights@enginecode.uk
GDPR Compliance
EngineCode.uk complies with UK GDPR. We do not collect personal data unless explicitly provided.
Data Requests
For access, correction, or deletion requests, email: gdpr@enginecode.uk
Trademark Notice
All trademarks, logos, and engine codes are the property of their respective owners. Use on this site is strictly for reference and identification.
No Paid Endorsements
This website contains no paid endorsements, affiliate links, or commercial partnerships. We do not sell parts or services.
Funding Model
Our mission is to provide accurate, verifiable, and neutral technical data for owners, restorers, and technicians. This site is self-funded.
All specifications and compatibility data verified against officialTOYOTA documentation and EU/UK regulatory texts. Where official data is unavailable, entries are marked “Undisclosed“ .
All external links open in new tabs. Please verify current availability of resources.
