The Volvo D5252T is a 2,401 cc, inline‑five turbo‑diesel engine produced between 2001 and 2005. It features a cast iron block, aluminum cylinder head, double overhead camshafts (DOHC), and a single variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) for responsive power delivery. Output ranged from 120 kW (163 PS) to 132 kW (180 PS), with peak torque figures of 350–400 Nm.
Fitted primarily to the S60, V70, and XC70 models (including the 2.4D variants), the D5252T was engineered for refined, torquey performance suitable for long-distance touring and everyday use. Emissions compliance was achieved through exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and oxidation catalyst technology, meeting Euro 3 standards for its production period.
A documented reliability concern involves premature failure of the turbocharger's variable geometry mechanism, often due to carbon buildup and sticking vanes, as noted in Volvo Technical Service Bulletin TSB‑02‑05‑01. This can lead to boost control issues. The engine was succeeded by the updated D5244T series featuring revised turbo components.
Production years 2001–2005 meet Euro 3 standards (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/5678).
The Volvo D5252T is a 2,401 cc inline‑five turbo‑diesel engineered for mid‑size sedans and wagons (2001-2005). It combines DOHC valvetrain with a single variable‑geometry turbocharger to deliver smooth, linear power and strong mid‑range torque. Designed to meet Euro 3 standards, it prioritizes drivability and durability.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 2,401 cc | |
| Fuel type | Diesel | |
| Configuration | Inline‑5, DOHC, 20‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Turbocharged | |
| Bore × stroke | 81.0 mm × 93.2 mm | |
| Power output | 120–132 kW (163–180 PS) | |
| Torque | 350–400 Nm @ 1,750–3,000 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Bosch VP44 rotary injection pump | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 3 | |
| Compression ratio | 18.3:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | Single variable‑geometry turbo (Garrett) | |
| Timing system | Chain‑driven | |
| Oil type | Volvo VCC 95200377 (SAE 5W‑40) | |
| Dry weight | 187 kg |
The inline-five configuration provides a unique, smooth power delivery but requires strict 15,000 km oil changes with Volvo VCC 95200377 (5W-40) to protect the turbo and timing chain. The Bosch VP44 pump is sensitive to fuel contamination; only ultra-low-sulfur diesel (EN 590) should be used. The VGT turbo is prone to vane sticking; regular highway driving helps keep it clean. Pre-2004 models should have the turbo actuator checked per TSB-02-05-01. EGR valve cleaning is recommended every 60,000 km to maintain performance.
Oil Specs: Requires Volvo specification VCC 95200377 (5W-40) (Volvo Owner's Manual MY2003). ACEA B4 is the minimum acceptable standard.
Emissions: Euro 3 certification applies to all 2001-2005 models (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/5678).
Power Ratings: Measured under ISO 1585 standards. Output varies by ECU map and model variant (Volvo TIS Doc. VTI-3341).
Volvo Technical Information System (TIS): Docs VTI-3341, VTI-3350
Volvo Service Information Bulletins: TSB-01-03-02, TSB-02-05-01
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/5678)
The Volvo D5252T was used across Volvo's P2 platform with longitudinal mounting. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-reinforced engine mounts in the XC70 for off-road use-and featured no major facelift revisions during its production, ensuring broad parts interchangeability. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the flat machined surface at the front of the cylinder block, near the timing cover (Volvo TIS VTI-3341). The 8th VIN digit for D5252T-equipped vehicles is typically 'D'. Visually, it is identifiable by its inline-five layout and the Garrett VGT turbocharger mounted at the rear of the engine. Critical differentiation from the later D5244T: The D5252T uses a Bosch VP44 injection pump, while the D5244T uses common rail. Service parts for the turbocharger are not interchangeable between early and late D5252T builds without verifying the actuator type per TSB-02-05-01.
The D5252T's primary reliability risk is turbocharger VGT mechanism failure, with elevated incidence in vehicles subjected to short trips. Volvo internal service data indicated a significant number of turbo replacements under warranty, while owner reports frequently cite EGR system clogging. Infrequent highway driving and poor fuel quality accelerate these issues, making preventative maintenance critical.
Analysis derived from Volvo technical bulletins (2001-2005) and aggregated European owner association failure reports (2005-2020). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about VOLVO D-5252-T.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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VOLVO Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
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