The Ford XWDD is a 1,499 cc, inline‑three turbocharged petrol engine produced between 2018 and 2023. It features a dual overhead camshaft (DOHC), 12‑valve architecture with direct fuel injection and variable valve timing. In standard form it delivered 118 kW (160 PS) and 250 Nm of torque, engineered for responsive urban performance and efficient motorway cruising.
Fitted to models such as the Ford Focus (Mk4), Puma, and Kuga (Mk3), the XWDD was designed to balance compact packaging, low emissions, and strong low-end torque. Emissions compliance was achieved through gasoline particulate filter (GPF) integration and cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), meeting Euro 6d TEMP and later Euro 6d standards across its production run.
One documented concern is high-pressure fuel pump (HPFP) wear under sustained high-load conditions, highlighted in Ford Service Bulletin TSB 20S127. This issue stems from lubrication limitations in the cam-driven HPFP actuation system. From late 2020, revised pump internals and updated calibration strategies were introduced to mitigate premature wear.
Production years 2018–2019 meet Euro 6d TEMP standards; 2020–2023 models comply with Euro 6d (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/3842).
The Ford XWDD is a 1,499 cc inline‑three DOHC turbocharged petrol engine engineered for compact and crossover platforms (2018–2023). It combines direct fuel injection with a single twin-scroll turbocharger to deliver responsive torque and refined operation. Designed to meet Euro 6d TEMP and Euro 6d emissions standards, it prioritises efficiency without compromising drivability.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,499 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol (Unleaded, RON 95 min) | |
| Configuration | Inline‑3, DOHC, 12‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Turbocharged | |
| Bore × stroke | 79.0 mm × 81.0 mm | |
| Power output | 118 kW (160 PS) @ 6,000 rpm | |
| Torque | 250 Nm @ 1,600–4,000 rpm | |
| Fuel system | High-pressure direct injection (up to 350 bar) | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 6d TEMP (2018–2019); Euro 6d (2020–2023) | |
| Compression ratio | 10.5:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled with dual-circuit layout | |
| Turbocharger | Single twin‑scroll turbo (Honeywell Garrett) | |
| Timing system | Chain-driven DOHC with VVT | |
| Oil type | SAE 5W‑30 (Ford WSS-M2C948-B1) | |
| Dry weight | 112 kg |
The DOHC turbocharged layout delivers strong low-end torque ideal for urban and highway driving but requires strict adherence to oil change intervals (every 15,000 km or annually) to protect the high-pressure fuel pump and timing chain. Ford WSS-M2C948-B1 oil is critical due to its low-SAPS formulation compatible with the GPF. Use only EN 228-compliant RON 95+ unleaded petrol to prevent injector coking. HPFP wear is accelerated by short-trip driving and low-quality fuel—post-2020 engines include revised pump internals per Ford TSB 20S127. GPF regeneration cycles should not be interrupted by frequent engine shutdowns during warm-up.
Oil Specs: Requires SAE 5W-30 meeting Ford WSS-M2C948-B1 (low-SAPS, GPF-compatible). ACEA C2/C5 oils are acceptable if specification is met.
Emissions: Euro 6d TEMP applies to 2018–2019 builds; full Euro 6d compliance achieved from 2020 onward (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/3842).
Power Ratings: Measured under ISO 1585 standards. Output consistent across Focus, Puma, and Kuga applications (Ford Group PT‑2022).
Ford Technical Information System (TIS): Docs F18-XWDD-01, F18-XWDD-02, TSB 20S127
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/3842)
ISO 1585: Road vehicles — Engine test code
The Ford XWDD was used across Ford's C2 platform vehicles with transverse mounting and no external licensing. This engine received platform-specific adaptations—revised engine mounts in the Puma for off-road durability and modified exhaust manifolds in the Kuga for packaging—and from 2020 the facelifted Focus adopted updated HPFP components, creating minor service part distinctions. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the rear of the cylinder block near the transmission flange (Ford TIS F18-XWDD-01). The 7th VIN digit is 'D' for XWDD-equipped vehicles. All units feature a black plastic rocker cover with integrated coil packs and a visible GPF in the exhaust system. Critical differentiation from earlier 1.5L EcoBoost (e.g., MHE): XWDD uses a 3-cylinder layout with twin-scroll turbo and GPF, whereas MHE is 4-cylinder without GPF. HPFP part numbers changed after 09/2020—kits for pre-2020 engines are incompatible with later units due to internal cam follower upgrades (Ford TSB 20S127).
The XWDD's primary reliability risk is high-pressure fuel pump (HPFP) wear in pre-2020 builds, with elevated incidence in high-mileage or short-trip urban use. Ford internal data from 2021 indicated a notable failure rate before 100,000 km in fleet vehicles, while UK DVSA records show GPF-related advisories as a common MOT item. Thermal cycling and fuel quality make proper maintenance critical.
Analysis derived from Ford technical bulletins (2018–2023) and UK DVSA failure statistics (2020–2025). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about FORD XWDD.
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