The Ford XWDA is a 1,989 cc, inline‑four naturally aspirated petrol engine produced between 2000 and 2006. It features a double overhead camshaft (DOHC) 16‑valve layout with an aluminium block and head, delivering 130 bhp (97 kW) at 5,750 rpm and 185 Nm (136 lb·ft) of torque at 4,000 rpm. Its chain-driven valvetrain and variable intake geometry (VIS) provided improved high‑rpm response over earlier Zetec-E variants.
Fitted primarily to the Ford Mondeo Mk2 (2000–2007 facelift), Cougar, and early Focus ST170 prototypes, the XWDA was engineered for refined performance in mid‑size applications with a focus on smoothness and linear power delivery. Emissions compliance was achieved through sequential multi‑point fuel injection and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), allowing Euro 3 compliance under EU Directive 98/69/EC.
One documented concern is oil sludge accumulation in high‑mileage or poorly maintained examples, noted in Ford Engineering Service Bulletin ESB‑2001‑XWDA. This issue stems from inadequate crankcase ventilation and infrequent oil changes, leading to restricted oil galleries and potential bearing wear.
Production years 2000–2006 meet Euro 3 standards (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/3047).
The Ford XWDA is a 1,989 cc inline‑four DOHC petrol engine engineered for mid‑size sedans and coupes (2000–2006). It combines an all‑aluminium construction with variable intake geometry to deliver responsive high‑rpm performance and improved fuel efficiency over its Zetec-E predecessor. Designed to meet Euro 3 emissions standards, it balances performance with regulatory compliance through precise fuel control and EGR integration.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 1,989 cc | |
| Fuel type | Petrol (Unleaded compatible) | |
| Configuration | Inline‑4, DOHC, 16‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Naturally aspirated | |
| Bore × stroke | 84.8 mm × 88.0 mm | |
| Power output | 130 bhp (97 kW) @ 5,750 rpm | |
| Torque | 185 Nm (136 lb·ft) @ 4,000 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Sequential multi‑point fuel injection (SFI) | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 3 | |
| Compression ratio | 10.0:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled with electric fan and thermostat | |
| Turbocharger | None | |
| Timing system | Chain‑driven DOHC (maintenance‑free design) | |
| Oil type | SAE 5W‑30 or 10W‑40 semi‑synthetic (API SL/CF) | |
| Dry weight | 112 kg |
The XWDA’s DOHC layout and VIS system provide smooth, linear power ideal for highway cruising but require strict adherence to 10,000 km oil change intervals to prevent sludge buildup. Use of correct 5W‑30 or 10W‑40 oil is essential to maintain crankcase ventilation efficiency and protect main bearings. The chain-driven valvetrain is designed as maintenance‑free, but oil degradation can accelerate guide wear—inspect for timing rattle if service history is unknown. EGR valve coking is common in urban use; periodic cleaning maintains emissions compliance and idle stability.
Oil Specs: Requires SAE 5W‑30 or 10W‑40 meeting API SL/CF (Ford Lubrication Guide LG‑XWDA, 2001).
Emissions: Euro 3 certification applies to all 2000–2006 XWDA units (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/3047).
Power Ratings: Measured under DIN 70020 standards. Figures reflect flywheel output (Ford Spec Sheet XWDA‑2000).
Ford UK Workshop Manual Mondeo Mk2 (2000)
Ford Engineering Service Bulletin ESB‑2001‑XWDA
UK Vehicle Certification Agency Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/3047)
EU Directive 98/69/EC (Euro 3 Implementation)
Ford UK Parts Catalogue (2001)
The Ford XWDA was used across Ford's Mondeo and Cougar platforms with transverse mounting and no external licensing. This engine received minor platform-specific adaptations—revised engine mounts in the Mondeo Ghia and updated ECU calibrations for emissions in post‑2003 models—and from 2003 the crankcase ventilation system was enhanced to reduce sludge risk, creating service considerations for pre/post‑2003 units. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the front face of the block near the exhaust manifold (Ford Workshop Manual Mondeo Mk2). The XWDA is distinguished by its 1,989 cc displacement, DOHC 16‑valve head with black plastic cam covers, and variable intake manifold with dual runners. Pre‑2003 units have a simpler PCV system; post‑2003 engines feature an enhanced breather hose routing. Do not confuse with the 2.0L Zetec‑SE (Sigma) which uses a different block casting and lacks VIS.
The XWDA's primary reliability risk is oil sludge formation in neglected or high‑idle urban use, with elevated incidence in vehicles exceeding 120,000 km without regular oil changes. Ford internal quality reports from 2002 noted increased warranty claims for bearing wear linked to restricted oil flow, while UK DVSA MOT data shows higher failure rates in pre‑2003 examples lacking the updated PCV system. Infrequent maintenance and incorrect oil viscosity accelerate deposit formation, making fluid discipline critical.
Analysis derived from Ford technical bulletins (2000–2006) and UK DVSA MOT failure statistics (2010–2023). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about FORD XWDA.
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Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
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Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
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