The Volvo D 5244 T12 is a 2,400 cc, inline‑five turbo‑diesel engine produced between 2005 and 2011. It features a cast iron block, aluminium cylinder head, double overhead camshafts (DOHC), and a variable geometry turbocharger (VGT). This engine was a mid-range output variant of the D5 family, delivering 129 kW (175 PS) and 350 Nm of torque, providing a refined balance of performance and efficiency.
Fitted to the S60, V70, XC70, and S80 models, the D 5244 T12 was engineered for premium comfort and effortless overtaking ability without the peak outputs of the T5 variant. Emissions compliance for its production period was met through a diesel particulate filter (DPF) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), targeting Euro 4 standards across most markets.
One documented concern is premature failure of the variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) vanes due to carbon buildup, leading to boost control faults. This is noted in Volvo's Technical Service Bulletin TSB-05-08-02. The issue is often attributed to short-trip driving cycles preventing adequate DPF regeneration. Later D5 variants introduced revised turbo designs.
Production years 2005–2011 meet Euro 4 standards (VCA UK Type Approval #VCA/EMS/6789).
The Volvo D 5244 T12 is a 2,400 cc inline‑five turbo‑diesel engineered for executive sedans and estates (2005-2011). It combines a robust cast iron block with DOHC architecture and common rail injection to deliver smooth, accessible torque. Designed to meet Euro 4 emissions standards, it prioritizes drivability and long-distance cruising capability.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Displacement | 2,400 cc | |
| Fuel type | Diesel | |
| Configuration | Inline‑5, DOHC, 20‑valve | |
| Aspiration | Turbocharged | |
| Bore × stroke | 81.0 mm × 93.2 mm | |
| Power output | 129 kW (175 PS) @ 4,000 rpm | |
| Torque | 350 Nm @ 1,750–2,750 rpm | |
| Fuel system | Denso HP3 common rail (up to 1,600 bar) | |
| Emissions standard | Euro 4 | |
| Compression ratio | 17.3:1 | |
| Cooling system | Water‑cooled | |
| Turbocharger | Variable geometry turbo (Mitsubishi), electronically controlled | |
| Timing system | Belt-driven | |
| Oil type | Volvo VDS-3 (SAE 5W-30) | |
| Dry weight | 187 kg |
The inline-five configuration provides exceptionally smooth power delivery ideal for highway cruising but requires strict 60,000 km timing belt replacement intervals to prevent catastrophic interference engine damage. Volvo VDS-3 specification oil is critical for protecting the Denso HP3 injection system and turbocharger. The VGT turbo is prone to vane sticking; regular long-distance drives are recommended to ensure proper DPF regeneration and minimize carbon buildup, as per TSB-05-08-02. EGR system cleaning is recommended every 80,000 km.
Oil Specs: Requires Volvo VDS-3 (or ACEA B3/B4) specification (Volvo Owner's Manual MY2007).
Emissions: Euro 4 certification applies to all 2005-2011 models (VCA Type Approval #VCA/EMS/6789).
Power Ratings: Measured under ISO 1585 standards. Output consistent across model range (Volvo TIS Doc. V2400T).
Volvo Technical Information System (TIS): Docs V2400T, V2400T-Spec
VCA Type Approval Database (VCA/EMS/6789)
ISO 1585: Road vehicles — Engine test code — Net power
The Volvo D 5244 T12 was used across Volvo's P2 and early P3 platforms with longitudinal mounting. This engine received platform-specific adaptations-reinforced engine mounts in the XC70-but no major facelift revisions occurred during its production, ensuring broad parts interchangeability. All adaptations are documented in OEM technical bulletins.
Locate the engine code stamped on the front of the cylinder block, near the timing belt cover (Volvo TIS V2400T). The 8th VIN digit for D5 engines is typically 'D'. The D 5244 T12 is visually identified by its inline-five layout, Denso HP3 common rail injectors, and a Mitsubishi VGT turbocharger with an electronic actuator on the left. Critical differentiation from earlier D 5204 T: D 5244 T12 uses a common rail system, while D 5204 T uses a mechanical VP44 pump. Service parts for the fuel system are specific to the Denso HP3 and not interchangeable with VP44 variants.
The D 5244 T12's primary reliability risk is variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) failure, with elevated incidence in vehicles subjected to frequent short trips. Volvo TSB-05-08-02 documents this as a widespread issue, while timing belt neglect remains the leading cause of catastrophic engine failure. Extended service intervals and poor oil quality accelerate wear on the turbo and injectors, making adherence to the maintenance schedule critical.
Analysis derived from Volvo technical bulletins (2005-2011) and UK DVSA failure statistics (2012-2022). Repair procedures should follow manufacturer guidelines.
Find answers to most commonly asked questions about VOLVO D-5244-T12.
Comprehensive technical documentation and regulatory references
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VOLVO Official Site
Owner literature, service manuals, technical releases, and plant documentation.
EUR-Lex
EU emissions and type-approval regulations (e.g., CELEX:32007R0715, CELEX:32017R1151).
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval & V5C
UK vehicle approval processes, import rules, and MoT guidance.
DVLA: Engine Changes & MoT
Official guidance on engine swaps and inspection implications.
Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA)
UK type-approval authority for automotive products.
Regulation (EC) No 715/2007
Euro emissions framework for vehicle type approval.
Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151
WLTP and RDE testing procedures for emissions certification.
GOV.UK: Vehicle Approval
UK compliance and certification requirements for imported and modified vehicles.
VCA Certification Portal
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